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Pipeline to Health Professions: Comprehensive Approach to Increasing Minorities in the Health Professions National Leadership Summit on Eliminating Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health July 10-12, 2001, Washington, DC Shaffdeen A. Amuwo, MPH, PhD University of Illinois at Chicago
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Pipeline to Health Professions: Comprehensive Approach to Increasing Minorities in the Health ProfessionsNational Leadership Summit on Eliminating Racial and Ethnic Disparities in HealthJuly 10-12, 2001, Washington, DC Shaffdeen A. Amuwo, MPH, PhD UIC School of Public Health
University of Illinois at Chicago • One of the three major campuses of UI -33% Graduate and Professional students -Bachelor’s 92 fields -Master’s 83 fields -Doctorates 57 academic specializations • Approximately 25,000 Students -67% Undergraduate students -Most comprehensive health profession schools -Largest College of Medicine UIC School of Public Health
UIC School of Public Health • One of 30 accredited in the US • Four Academic Divisions -Community Health Science -Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences -Epidemiology and Biostatistics -Health Policy and Administration • Four Degrees -Masters of Public Health (MPH) -Masters of Science (MS) -Doctor of Public Health (Dr. PH) -Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) UIC School of Public Health
DefinitionThis is an integrated, coordinated and partnership approach to increasing the participation of African Americans, Latinos and Native Americans in health professions through early identification, support and academic enrichment. UIC School of Public Health
Context of Comprehensive Approach means: • Shared Vision • Shared Leadership • Domains of Influence on Children • Dimensions of Educational Deficit • All Educational Levels K-20 • Multi-disciplinary Approach UIC School of Public Health
What Do We know about data on the Involvement of Minorities in the Health Professions • Pharmacists - 7.8% • Optometrists - 2.7% • Dentists - 5.7% • Physicians (Osteopathic) - 3.5% • Physicians (Allopathic) - 7.6% • Nurses - 9.0% • Public Health Professions- 6.0% UIC School of Public Health
The Chicago Experience in Public Health UIC School of Public Health
Ten-Year HCOP Retrospective Study Summer Residential Enrichment Program (SREP) Pre-Matriculation Program (PMP) UIC School of Public Health
Sample of GRE/PMP Participants by Race 1992-2001 UIC School of Public Health
Sample of SREP/PMP Admitted1992-2001 UIC School of Public Health
Sample of SREP/PMP Graduates1992-2001 UIC School of Public Health
Challenges IBarriers Faced by Potential Public Health Students and other Health Professions • National Trends • Local Geographic Area • Low value placed in health professions • Invisibility of Public Health • Disadvantaged Status • Economic Status • K-12 Counselors • College Performance • Performance at Graduate/Professional Levels UIC School of Public Health
Challenges II: Health Professions Shortage Areas by Community Areas SOUTHSIDE: Burnside, West Englewood, Englewood, Roseland, Auburn Gresham, West Pullman, New City, Pullman, South Chicago, Avalon Park, South Shore, Washington Park, Oakland, Fuller Park, Near South Side, Grand Boulevard, Douglas WESTSIDE: West Garfield Park, Near Westside, East Garfield, Austin, Hermosa, Logan Square, South Lawndale, North Lawndale, Near North Side, West Town, UIC School of Public Health
Description of Health Professions Shortage Areas of Illinois • Over 90% in Chicago area • Largest concentration of poverty • Linguistically isolated • Median income is under $24,000.00 • Infant mortality experience is 50% higher for Chicago • 66% African American • 23% Hispanics • 8% White • 3% Asian and Others UIC School of Public Health
FRAMEWORK FOR COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH What should be done? Phase 1 – Setting Optimal Objectives: Creation of Pipeline All Phases of Education Data on: Education gaps Service gaps Data gaps Data on: Needs Health Professions distribution Domains of influence on children What could be done? Phase 2- Determining Possible Strategies (science driven) Involvement of: 1. Health care agencies 2. CBOs 3. Colleges What is achieved? Phase 4 – Implementing Pipeline Strategies (outcome driven) Data from: process, outcome, and impact evaluations Knowledge for Decision Making Data on: Basic and applied research Data on: Ethnic and health disparity, target population, utilization barriers Data on: Impact of gaps in training on disease burden etc. What can be done? Phase 3 – Planning Feasible Strategies Creation of shared vision, shared leadership UIC School of Public Health
Domains of Influence on Children • Individual • Peers • Family • Community • School System • Society UIC School of Public Health
Major Municipal Health Care Agencies • Illinois Department of Public Health • Chicago Department of Public Health • Cook County Ambulatory & Community Care Network • Primary Care Exposures, Public Health Week Exhibitor, Preliminary Education, Counseling, Mentoring UIC School of Public Health
Not-For Profit Health Care Agencies • Institute for Diversity (IFD) • Leadership Training, Competitive Applicant Pool • Illinois Area Health Education Center (IAHEC) • Competitive Applicant Pool, Public Health Clubs, Contract to UIC of $15,000 annually to cover the payment of two PHSC • Chicago Area Health & Medical Careers Program • Recruitment, Financial Aid, Competitive Applicant Pool UIC School of Public Health
Community-Based Organizations • Westside Association for Community Action (WACA) • Town Hall, Mentoring, Parental Network • Southside Health Consortium • Town Hall, Mentoring, Parental Network • Hispanic Health Alliance • Mentors • Public Allies • Leadership Development, Widens Competitiveness of Applicant Pool, Exhibitor, Recruitment UIC School of Public Health
Undergraduate College • Chicago State University (CSU) • Public Health Satellite Center, Saturday College, 6-Week Summer Programs, Space, Mentoring • Kennedy King College (KKC) • Harry S. Truman College • Olive-Harvey College • Richard J. Daley College • Malcolm X College • Harold Washington College • Public Health Satellite Centers UIC School of Public Health