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Source: Nielsen Media Index & TGI Survey

Separator design, formula and construction to maintain electrical performance of the lead acid battery. Source: Nielsen Media Index & TGI Survey. Sources: US Census Bureau and Times Atlas of the World, tenth edition. Source: www.weatherbase.com. Rubber Separators. PE Separators.

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Source: Nielsen Media Index & TGI Survey

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  1. Separator design, formula and construction to maintain electrical performance of the lead acid battery

  2. Source: Nielsen Media Index & TGI Survey

  3. Sources: US Census Bureau and Times Atlas of the World, tenth edition

  4. Source: www.weatherbase.com

  5. Rubber Separators PE Separators

  6. Water Loss [g/Ah] + 40% Improvement Daramic HP+ PE Separator Water Loss Test 21 Days Overcharge 2.4 V/Cell at 40 °C Positive PbSb 1.6 % / Negative PbCa – 2 Shot Formation

  7. Water Loss [g/Ah] 25% Improvement DARAMIC HP+ PE Separator Water Loss 21 Days Overcharge 2.4 V/Cell at 40 °C Positive PbCa / Negative PbCa – 2 Shot Formation

  8. Increased Heat and Gassing Antimony Released from Positive Grid Results in Loss of Capacity and Battery Failure Higher Recharge Currents Antimony Poisons Negative Electrode Negative Electrode Depolarizes

  9. Rubber

  10. PVC Rubber

  11. PVC Standard PE Rubber

  12. PVC Standard PE Rubber Daramic HD

  13. Oxidation Resistance • Increase Separator Back-web Thickness • Increase Mass, Electrical Resistance and Acid Displacement • Laminate Glassmat to Separator • Prevents Shedding, Adds Component • Formulation Changes • Polymer and Anti-Oxidant

  14. Oxidation Resistance Test – Perox 80 • Measure Separator Mechanical Properties • Elongation, Puncture Resistance • Soak Separator in Oxidizing Solution • Hydrogen Peroxide / Sulfuric Acid • Elevated Temperature 80 degree C • Measure Remaining Separator Properties • After Soaking various times (e.g. 20, 40, … hours) • Determine Rate of Oxidation with Drop in Mechanical Properties

  15. Daramic HP End of Life < 100%

  16. 25% Longer Daramic HP + Daramic HP End of Life < 100%

  17. Standard PE Separator

  18. Additive Level PE Separator with additive Standard PE Separator

  19. Asian Market Summary • SLI, Stationary and Motive Power Batteries • High Population Densities • Elevated Ambient Temperature • Use of Antimony Alloy

  20. Elevated Temp & Antimony Alloy • SLI Application • Water Loss => Battery Dry-Out • Rubber Additive to PE Separator • Daramic HP+ • Motive Power and Deep Cycle Application • Negative Electrode Poisoning • Loss of Capacity • Rubber Additive to PE Separator • Daramic HD • Oxidation Resistance • Rubber increases protection ~ 25%

  21. SLI Application (1) US Patent 5,221,587 W. Boehnstedt et.al

  22. Deep Cycle Application (1) US Patent 5,221,587 W. Boehnstedt et.al

  23. Taipei 101

  24. End

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