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The Hawaiian Islands

The Hawaiian Islands. The Hawaiian Islands are not on any plate boundary. They are in the middle of the pacific plate There are a few theories as to how they go there…. Theory 1. Intensive radioactivity creates a huge upwelling of lava, known as a “plume”.

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The Hawaiian Islands

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  1. The Hawaiian Islands

  2. The Hawaiian Islands are not on any plate boundary. • They are in the middle of the pacific plate • There are a few theories as to how they go there…

  3. Theory 1 • Intensive radioactivity creates a huge upwelling of lava, known as a “plume”. • The plume of plastic rock from the asthenosphere pushes upwards. • This lies at a fixed position under the Tectonic Plate. As the plate moves over this “hot spot”, volcanoes are formed. As the crust and part of the plate are thinned. • These domes or plumes of plastic rock can be up to 1,000 km across.

  4. Theory 2-proposed in 2003 by G. Foulger. • She proposed that all plates have scars and fissures from collisions or divergence and that some large plates like the Pacific are “stretched” as their edges subduct. • These more vulnerable parts of the crust pass over slabs of previously subducted material that melt easily lowered pressure, so hot spots are formed.

  5. Scheme of a Hawaiian eruption. 1. Ash plume 2. Lava fountain 3. Crater 4. Lava lake 5. Fumaroles 6. Lava flow 7. Layers of lava and ash 8. Stratum 9. Sill 10. Magma conduit 11. Magma chamber 12. Dike

  6. Hazards • Kilauea Volcano on the island of Hawaii is extremely active right now. • The toxic gasses being released have increased each month since the beginning of the 2008 • This resulted in parts of the island being declared a disaster area in 2009 • Some towns are becoming uninhabitable and the county has notified island residents that they should not wait for an alert if they feel ill from the volcanic activity.

  7. Kilauea Volcano The volcano spews toxic gasses. The volcano releases Sulphur Dioxide, which acts as an atmospheric coolant. This lowers the temperature of the sun rays.

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