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Energy-Efficient Routing Protocol Adapted to Mobile Sensors for Multiple Sinks in Wireless Sensor Networks. Tomoki Kimura and Iwao Sasase Dept. of Information and Computer Science, Keio University Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
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Energy-Efficient Routing Protocol Adapted to Mobile Sensors for Multiple Sinks in Wireless Sensor Networks Tomoki Kimura and Iwao Sasase Dept. of Information and Computer Science, Keio University Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan The 18th Annual IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC’07)
Outline • Introduction • Related Works • Proposed Algorithm • Simulations • Conclusions
Introduction • Wireless Sensor Networks • Sensor Node • Sink Node • Data Transmission is an important issue in WSN • Query Comment • Sensing Data • Sensor nodes have very limited battery capacity • Energy efficient routing protocol is needed • Maximize Network and Node Lifetime
Introduction • Multiple Sink nodes • Multicast Issue 2 Query Sink 1 Sink Query S Sensor Query 3 Query Sink 4 Sink
Related Works • Energy-efficient Multicast Routing Protocol • For WSN • Branch Aggregation Multicast (BAM) • For MANET • MultiCAST for Multiple Geographical region (MgCast)
Branch Aggregation Multicast (BAM) • Published in MASS 2005
B Sink A Sink 1 3 C 4 Sink Source 2
MultiCAST for Multiple Geographical region (MgCast) • Published in SECON 04 Destination set = {d1, d2, d3, d4, d5, d6}
Motivations • Power saving multicast protocol adapted to mobile sensor networks is needed. • For BAM, if hop count is cost, it’s not adapted to mobile sensor environment • Hop count is not fixed. • For MgCast, routes reconstruct by using periodic HELLO messages • Energy consumption is high.
Proposed Algorithm • All nodes have accurate location information • Source Process • Grouping Sinks • Forwarding Node Process • Selecting Unicasting or Multicasting • MAC • Base on S-MAC
Source Node The centroid of the tetragon (S1, S2, S3, S4) • Grouping sinks • Example is 4 groups Nearest sink to Src 90°
Source Node • Selecting forwarding node Forwarding node
Forwarding Node • Unicast or Multicast ? Branch Point ? • L ? • HS and HN ?
Forwarding Node • Multicast • The case that there is a sink in the radio range of the forwarding node. • The case that HN and HS are on the other side for A. • The case that HN and HS are on the same side for A, and HS is nearer to A than HN. • Unicast
Medium Access Control (MAC) • S-MAC • No Hello Message Broadcast
Simulations • All sinks are static.
Conclusions • A new power saving protocol for multiple sinks which is adapted to mobile sensors. • Do not construct routes before sending data • Do not use periodic HELLO message