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Section 1: Natural Environments Section 2: History and Culture Section 3: The Region Today

CHAPTER 19. The Persian Gulf and Interior. Section 1: Natural Environments Section 2: History and Culture Section 3: The Region Today. SECTION 1. Natural Environments. Question: What factors influence the climate of Southwest Asia?. SECTION 1. Factors Influencing Southwest Asia’s Climate.

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Section 1: Natural Environments Section 2: History and Culture Section 3: The Region Today

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  1. CHAPTER 19 The Persian Gulf and Interior Section 1:Natural Environments Section 2:History and Culture Section 3:The Region Today

  2. SECTION 1 Natural Environments Question: What factors influence the climate of Southwest Asia?

  3. SECTION 1 Factors Influencing Southwest Asia’s Climate High Pressure Orographic Effect Winds Elevation • dry climates • lack of water • clear skies • plants adapted to dry conditions • humidity at mountain peaks • rainfall on mountains • trees in mountain regions • westerlies • bring winter rains • cyclonic storms • cooler temperatures in highlands • resorts in mountains • skiing in Iran Natural Environments

  4. SECTION 2 History and Culture Question: How have various peoples and empires affected the history and culture of countries in Southwest Asia?

  5. SECTION 2 Arabs Persians • largest ethnic group in entire region • Arabic language dominant • Islam • Farsi language • dominant Iranian society, hold most important positions Cultures of Southwest Asia Kurds Pashtun • Muslim • in Iran, Iraq, Syria, Turkey • desire self-rule • language related to Farsi • largest ethnic group in Afghanistan • speak Pashtu language • several small tribes History and Culture

  6. SECTION 3 The Region Today Question: What activities drive the economy of the region?

  7. SECTION 3 Oil Production Nomadic herding Traditional crafts Agriculture Manufacturing The Region Today • 8.25 million barrels a day • economies modernized by oil wealth •oil-related manufacturing • mostly subsistence • barley, wheat grown • livestock–sheep, goats, cattle • farms in river valleys • commercial farming near cities; citrus fruits, dates, grapes, olives with irrigation • import food • tend herds of camels, goats and sheep • make handicrafts • increased settling in towns due to lack of grazing land • wool rugs • use local materials and traditional designs • building materials • food products • oil refining, chemical manufacturing • household supplies

  8. CHAPTER 19 Chapter Wrap-Up 1. In what ways has the plant life of the region adapted to the conditions there? 2. Why has Mesopotamia been such an attractive target for invasion throughout history? 3. What is the major language spoken in Iran? In Iraq, Afghanistan, and Saudi Arabia? 4. How changes are taking place in the traditional rural economy and culture of the region? 5. What are two important factors accounting for Saudi Arabia’s influence in world affairs today?

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