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Today

Today. Misc slides from Evans Crash risk and age Road crash factors Vehicle crash factors Environmental crash factors. Misc Slides from Evans. Source: Evans, Leonard. Traffic Safety. Bloomfield Hills, MI; Science Serving Society; 2004.

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Today

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  1. Today • Misc slides from Evans • Crash risk and age • Road crash factors • Vehicle crash factors • Environmental crash factors

  2. Misc Slides from Evans

  3. Source: Evans, Leonard. Traffic Safety. Bloomfield Hills, MI; Science Serving Society; 2004

  4. Source: Evans, Leonard. Traffic Safety. Bloomfield Hills, MI; Science Serving Society; 2004 used by permission for CE 552 in class use only

  5. Source: Evans, Leonard. Traffic Safety. Bloomfield Hills, MI; Science Serving Society; 2004 used by permission for CE 552 in class use only

  6. Source: Evans, Leonard. Traffic Safety. Bloomfield Hills, MI; Science Serving Society; 2004 used by permission for CE 552 in class use only

  7. Source: Evans, Leonard. Traffic Safety. Bloomfield Hills, MI; Science Serving Society; 2004 used by permission for CE 552 in class use only

  8. Source: Evans, Leonard. Traffic Safety. Bloomfield Hills, MI; Science Serving Society; 2004 used by permission for CE 552 in class use only

  9. Source: Evans, Leonard. Traffic Safety. Bloomfield Hills, MI; Science Serving Society; 2004 used by permission for CE 552 in class use only

  10. Source: Evans, Leonard. Traffic Safety. Bloomfield Hills, MI; Science Serving Society; 2004 used by permission for CE 552 in class use only

  11. Source: Evans, Leonard. Traffic Safety. Bloomfield Hills, MI; Science Serving Society; 2004 used by permission for CE 552 in class use only

  12. Source: Evans, Leonard. Traffic Safety. Bloomfield Hills, MI; Science Serving Society; 2004 used by permission for CE 552 in class use only

  13. Source: Evans, Leonard. Traffic Safety. Bloomfield Hills, MI; Science Serving Society; 2004 used by permission for CE 552 in class use only

  14. Source: Evans, Leonard. Traffic Safety. Bloomfield Hills, MI; Science Serving Society; 2004 used by permission for CE 552 in class use only

  15. Source: Evans, Leonard. Traffic Safety. Bloomfield Hills, MI; Science Serving Society; 2004 used by permission for CE 552 in class use only

  16. Crash risk and ageOlder Drivers

  17. NCHRP 500 series • Volume 9: Older Driver • Identifies/characterizes the problem (what we are now discussing) • Recommends remedial action/countermeasures (later in the semester)

  18. Why?

  19. Why? See interesting illusion applet

  20. Age and vision 20 Year old vision 60 year old vision

  21. Grandpa hopes this is serious exaggeration 75 year old vision estimate

  22. BMW, Hummer night vision systems because it's unaffected by ambient light, Night Driver enables drivers to see beyond oncoming headlight glare… …up to five times further than with headlights alone

  23. Older Population Traffic Safety Fact Sheet (DOT-HS-810-992) also includes state by state comparison data

  24. Why does this look different?

  25. Age and vision the olny iprmoetnt tihng is that the frist and lsat ltteer be at the rghit pclae!

  26. Crash risk and ageYoung Drivers

  27. NCHRP 500 series • Volume 19: Young Drivers • Identifies/characterizes the problem (what we are now discussing) • Recommends remedial action/countermeasures (later in the semester)

  28. See also these references if you are interested: • Generational perspective on teen and older drivers on traffic safety in rural and urban communities • Younger older interaction • LIDAR study sight distance • Visual acuity paper

  29. Road crash factors • The highest design/most :forgiving road” • High speed design (curvature) • Full access control • Forgiving roadsides (slopes, obstacles) • Grade separated intersections • Median separation 4 to 20 times or more safer than other roads

  30. Access control • Eliminates conflict points • Does not require full access control • Some roads must have access at many points • But still may be reduced

  31. Medians • Wide (grass) • “Narrow” with barrier • Narrow (painted or grass) • 30 foot median can reduce encroachment by 70-90 percent • 6:1 desirable to prevent rollover, but will not slow errant vehicles as much (I-35 case, 4:1 to 6:1 to cable)

  32. Cross section • Lane width: 11-12 feet is best • Shoulder width up to 10 feet (not independent of lane width) and surface type/condition (edge drop) • Cross slope (drainage, esp on superelevated curves) • Sight distance, esp. on curves • Curves (esp. at night, poor weather) • Grades • Combinations of factors/expectancy • Bridges/structures • Passing zones

  33. Vehicle Factors

  34. Video “c” • ABS • ESC

  35. Source: Evans, Leonard. Traffic Safety. Bloomfield Hills, MI; Science Serving Society; 2004 used by permission for CE 552 in class use only

  36. Source: Evans, Leonard. Traffic Safety. Bloomfield Hills, MI; Science Serving Society; 2004 used by permission for CE 552 in class use only

  37. Source: Evans, Leonard. Traffic Safety. Bloomfield Hills, MI; Science Serving Society; 2004 used by permission for CE 552 in class use only

  38. Source: Evans, Leonard. Traffic Safety. Bloomfield Hills, MI; Science Serving Society; 2004 used by permission for CE 552 in class use only

  39. Source: Evans, Leonard. Traffic Safety. Bloomfield Hills, MI; Science Serving Society; 2004 used by permission for CE 552 in class use only

  40. Source: Evans, Leonard. Traffic Safety. Bloomfield Hills, MI; Science Serving Society; 2004 used by permission for CE 552 in class use only

  41. Source: Evans, Leonard. Traffic Safety. Bloomfield Hills, MI; Science Serving Society; 2004 used by permission for CE 552 in class use only

  42. Source: Evans, Leonard. Traffic Safety. Bloomfield Hills, MI; Science Serving Society; 2004 used by permission for CE 552 in class use only

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