1 / 8

Genetics

Genetics. What’s it all about?. Questions: what we will answer . What is genetics? How do chromosomes work? What is the history of genetics? Genetics and probability: What are Punnett Squares? How does the study of genetics affect our lives? What is the future of genetics?.

adonia
Download Presentation

Genetics

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Genetics

  2. What’s it all about?

  3. Questions: what we willanswer. • What is genetics? • How do chromosomes work? • What is the history of genetics? • Genetics and probability: What are Punnett Squares? • How does the study of genetics affect our lives? • What is the future of genetics?

  4. Genetics is the science of heredity. • Heredity - the passing of traits from parents to offspring. • Traits - characteristics or features of an individual, not always apparent or obvious

  5. Chromosomes: the mechanisms that make it all possible • Chromosomes are in pairs, found in the nuclei of cells. • A single chromosome is composed of many genes, which determine hereditary traits. • Chromosomes are made of a molecule called deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). • Human cells contain 46 (23 pairs) of chromosomes totally about 35,000 genes on them. • There are 2 to the 23rd power (or 8,388,608) possible gene combinations. • Gametes (sex cells : sperm and eggs) contain only half the number of chromosomes.

  6. Chromosomes are made of DNA. Segments of chromosomes are called genes.

  7. Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) • The double helix shape resembles a spiral staircase. • The shape was first correctly identified in 1953 by James Watson and Francis Crick, who then won the Nobel prize in 1962. • The unique shape allows the molecule to “unfold” or “unzip” along a portion of the molecule. • When a strand of DNA “unzips”, an exact copy of the “unzipped” portion can be replicated (copied) • DNA replication is how cells make proteins, which build new cells, repair cells, and many other functions that keep the cells functioning.

  8. DNA replication (making copies) • The unique shape of DNA allows the molecule to “unzip” along a portion of the strand. • When a strand of DNA “unzips”, an exact replica of the “unzipped” portion can be replicated (copied) • DNA replication is how cells make proteins, which build new cells, repair cells, and countless other functions that keep cells functioning. • DNA replication is happening constantly in cells.

More Related