Earthwork & Volumes

1. Earthwork & Volumes • Spec Requirements • End Areas • End-area Volumes • Borrow Pit Volumes • Mass Diagrams • Cost Estimates

2. Earthwork Specs • Payment based on excavation (Cut) • Specs define methods for cut and fill • Typically not paid for fill • Based on “Excavation measured in place as computed from survey notes” • Not weighing, counting truck rounds • Look for spec allowing contractor to dispute volumes in a certain area

3. Excavation Specs • Common excavation • Determined from survey notes • Describes most of work • Rock/Muck • Rock requires blasting • Muck requires deep dig, granular fill • Before/after volume survey

4. Haul Payments • Volume payments - $/cy Excavation • Separate lines for common, rock , muck • Free Haul - Stations • Overhaul - $/cy-stations • Borrow - $/cy • Covers cost of lease, haul, reclamation • Waste - $/cy

5. L C End Areas • Based on • Cross-sections • Typical section • Area – ft2 • Cut • Fill

6. Construction Grade Staking • Based on “typical section” • Stake centerline, slope “breakouts”

7. 12’ + 4’(4) + 8’ + 6.3’(4) = 61.2’ Slope Stakes

8. 12’ + 3.7’(4) = 26.8’ Slope Staking

9. End Area Calculations

10. 3-level Sections • Triangular Sections • 5-level Sections • Other Sections End Area Calculations • Level Sections

11. Level Sections

12. 3-Level Sections

13. 5-Level Sections

14. Transition Sections

15. End Area Calculations • Planimeter • Coordinate Calculations • Similar to coordinate area • Start/end at same point

16. Assign (0, 0) Coordinate Areas 30 ‘ top, left shoulder (-15, 0)

17. Coordinate Calc Example

18. End-Area Volumes AI = 390.6 ft2 AH = 338.3 ft2 AG = 144.8 ft2 AE = 15.6 ft2 AE = 15.0 ft2 AD = 113.2 ft2 AB = 258.2 ft2 AA = 338.2 ft2