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Lobotomy

Lobotomy. By: Jake Jutras , Cameron Armstrong, Matt Nevi. What is Lobotomy. Lobotomy is a surgical procedure in which the nerve pathways in a lobe or lobes of the brain are severed from those in other areas.

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Lobotomy

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  1. Lobotomy By: Jake Jutras, Cameron Armstrong, Matt Nevi

  2. What is Lobotomy • Lobotomy is a surgical procedure in which the nerve pathways in a lobe or lobes of the brain are severed from those in other areas. • It is a radical therapeutic measure to help patients with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and other mental illnesses.

  3. History of lobotomy • It was first performed by Walter Freeman, a neurosurgeon, in 1936 in Washington D.C. • It became wildly popular because people at that time were desperate for any kind of treatment for serious mental illness. • Lobotomy was used before antipsychotic drugs were invented.

  4. History (continued) • It was first performed on chimpanzees in 1935 and it resulted in very good behavior from the animals. • There have been about 40,000 - 50,000 lobotomies in the United States since the procedure was invented.

  5. Types of Lobotomies • The first type of lobotomy is called a Prefrontal Lobotomy. This is where the doctor drills holes on the side or on top of the patients skull to get to the frontal lobe. The doctor then used alcohol or a special tool to destroy parts of the frontal lobe. This was the go to procedure for mental illness treatment in most of the 20th century.

  6. Types of Lobotomy • The other type of lobotomy is new and improved transorbital lobotomy. The brain is accessed through the eye sockets with an ice pick and then they destroy the connective nerve fibers or tissue. Schizophrenia, diseases, chronic pain, and suicidal depression were all cured by this procedure.

  7. Why it is no Longer Popular • Lobotomy is no longer used because it was argued that it is immoral and inhumane. The people who got the procedure basically turned into zombies. There personalities were dramatically changed and they weren't the same people. They claimed that they felt like they were missing part of there souls and that they couldn’t return to how they were before.

  8. Famous Quotes about Lobotomies • "The major indication for psychosurgery (lobotomy) is the presence of a debilitating, chronic mental disorder that has not responded to any other treatment." • "A reasonable guideline is that the disorder should have been present for 5 years..." • "Chronic intractable major depressive disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder are two disorders reportedly most responsive to psychosurgery." • "The presence of vegetative symptoms and marked anxiety further increases the likelihood of a successful therapeutic outcome." • "When patients are carefully selected, between 50 and 70 percent have significant therapeutic improvement with psychosurgery." • "As measured by intelligence quotient scores, cognitive abilities improve after surgery..."

  9. Pictures

  10. Works Cited • http://www.23nlpeople.com/schizophrenia/lobotomy.php • http://www.google.com/imgres?q=random+facts+on+lobotomies&um=1&hl=en&safe=active&sa=N&biw=1440&bih=703&tbm=isch&tbnid=n1f1aQBAeqIR3M:&imgrefurl=http://stevesworldtome.blogspot.com/&docid=ZZJGGZYpmBgsuM&imgurl=http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-iKW2YmFymOU/T32rJo9WCvI/AAAAAAAAAW0/TMufLsbTb9I/s1600/lobotomy.jpg&w=621&h=397&ei=fxF0UPjCG-iB0QHUpIG4BQ&zoom=1&iact=rc&dur=219&sig=103253775149329130746&page=1&tbnh=129&tbnw=202&start=0&ndsp=18&ved=1t:429,r:10,s:0,i:107&tx=128&ty=69 • http://www.google.com/imgres?q=lobotomy&num=10&hl=en&safe=active&biw=1440&bih=703&tbm=isch&tbnid=W2_16PihLwh4LM:&imgrefurl=http://psychology.wikia.com/wiki/Lobotomy&docid=4XDj-_EHEczjQM&imgurl=http://images4.wikia.nocookie.net/__cb20070701113833/psychology/images/6/66/My_lobotomy-howard_during_full.jpg&w=868&h=576&ei=ARJ0UMeOMcn20gGzsIGgDQ&zoom=1&iact=rc&dur=93&sig=103253775149329130746&page=1&tbnh=150&tbnw=200&start=0&ndsp=21&ved=1t:429,r:0,s:0,i:73&tx=165&ty=64 • http://www.google.com/imgres?q=lobotomy&num=10&hl=en&safe=active&biw=1440&bih=703&tbm=isch&tbnid=DlVYKW4vB_I-oM:&imgrefurl=http://www.cerebromente.org.br/n02/historia/lobotomy.htm&docid=2LmSuAA1CVlCbM&imgurl=http://www.cerebromente.org.br/n02/historia/icepick.gif&w=268&h=268&ei=ARJ0UMeOMcn20gGzsIGgDQ&zoom=1&iact=rc&dur=94&sig=103253775149329130746&page=1&tbnh=150&tbnw=150&start=0&ndsp=21&ved=1t:429,r:5,s:0,i:88&tx=67&ty=60 • http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/345502/lobotomy • http://psychcentral.com/blog/archives/2011/03/21/the-surprising-history-of-the-lobotomy/ • http://www.google.com/imgres?q=lobotomy&num=10&um=1&hl=en&safe=active&sa=N&biw=1440&bih=703&tbm=isch&tbnid=AZ_1EATKqHJZNM:&imgrefurl=http://science.howstuffworks.com/environmental/life/inside-the-mind/human-brain/lobotomy3.htm&docid=hGG0KRLRc-ZQfM&imgurl=http://static.ddmcdn.com/gif/lobotomy-ect.jpg&w=300&h=300&ei=phJ0UML1D8S40QGAvoCQCA&zoom=1&iact=rc&dur=469&sig=103253775149329130746&page=1&tbnh=168&tbnw=158&start=0&ndsp=21&ved=1t:429,r:7,s:0,i:95&tx=98&ty=68

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