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Printmaking and the Printing Press Ms LeRoy: Grade 11 Art

Printmaking and the Printing Press Ms LeRoy: Grade 11 Art. Albrecht Dürer, St. Jerome in his Study, engraving , 1514.

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Printmaking and the Printing Press Ms LeRoy: Grade 11 Art

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  1. Printmaking and the Printing PressMs LeRoy: Grade 11 Art Albrecht Dürer, St. Jerome in his Study, engraving, 1514

  2. Basically, printing is the process of making multiple copies of a document by the use of movable characters or letters. The process was developed independently in China and Europe. Before the invention of printing, multiple copies of a manuscript had to be made by hand, a laborious task that could take many years. Printing made it possible to produce more copies in a few weeks than formerly could have been produced in a lifetime by hand.

  3. Invented by Johannes Gutenberg in c.1450, the printing press made the mass publication and circulation of literature possible.

  4. An operator worked a lever to increase and decrease the pressure of the block against the paper.

  5. Movable type

  6. Printing Types • Mono printing • Relief printing • Intaglio • Lithography • Serigraphy (stencil screen printing)

  7. Mono Print A single print is transferred from a plate, which has been painted with ink as opposed to paint. Only one print can be pulled off the plate. Howling Wolf by David Dewey

  8. Relief Printing This is printing from a raised surface. A simple example of relief printing is a rubber stamp pressed into a stamp pad and pressed onto a piece of paper.

  9. Surfaces Relief printing plates are made from flat sheets of material such as wood, linoleum, metal, styrofoam etc. After drawing a picture on the surface, the artist uses tools to cut away the areas that will not print.

  10. INKING A roller - called a brayer - is used to spread ink on the plate. A sheet of paper is placed on top of the plate and the image is transferred by rubbing with the hand or a block of wood, or by being run through a printing press. The completed print is a mirror image of the original plate.

  11. Wood cut (relief printing) Title: Conjoined Artist: James G. Mundie Date: 2002 Title: The Great Wave off Kanagawa Artist: Hokusai Date: c. 1825

  12. Contemporary wood block • Title: regenerate • Artist: James Ruddle • Date: 2003

  13. Multi - wood block • Title: regenerating smoking Joe • Artist: James Ruddle • Date: 2003

  14. Intaglio This describes prints that are made by cutting the picture into the surface of the printing plate. Using a sharp V-shaped tool - called a burin - the printmaker gouges the lines of an image into the surface of a smooth polished sheet of metal or in some cases a piece of plexiglass. A variation of this technique - known as engraving - is etching. With etching, acids are used to eat into the metal plate.

  15. Richard Diebenkorn

  16. INKING To make a print, ink is pushed into the lines of the design. The surface is then wiped clean so that the only areas with ink are the lines. A sheet of paper which has been soaked in water is then placed on the plate which is run through a printing press. The paper is literally forced into the small lines that have been cut into the plate.

  17. Intaglio (etching) Carrier, intaglio w/ hand applied watercolour, 22 ¾ x 55 ¼ inches, edition 33, signed and numbered, 2001

  18. Giorgio Morandi

  19. Lithography Lithography is a mechanical planographic process in which the printing and non-printing areas of the plate are all at the same level, as opposed to intaglio and relief processes in which the design is cut into the printing block. Lithography is based on the chemical repellence of oil and water. Designs are drawn or painted with greasy ink or crayons on specially prepared limestone. The stone is moistened with water, which the stone accepts in areas not covered by the crayon. An oily ink, applied with a roller, adheres only to the drawing and is repelled by the wet parts of the stone. The print is then made by pressing paper against the inked drawing.

  20. Kiki Smith Left: Audubon Above and right: Daumier

  21. Daumier’s Louis-Philippe asGargantua (1831) caused Damier to be imprisoned for 6 months. In it French King Louis-Phillippe is seated on a throne before a starving crowd. The poor are forced to give up their coins which are carried up a ramp and fed to the king. What are the well-dressed people doing under the ramp? What about the others in front of the Chamber of Deputies? Is Daumier a hero?

  22. Serigraphy: silk screen • A screen is made of a piece of porous, finely woven fabric (originally silk, but typically made of polyester since the 1940s) stretched over a frame of aluminum or wood. Areas of the screen are blocked off with a non-permeable material to form a stencil, which is a positive of the image to be printed; that is, the open spaces are where the ink will appear.

  23. Andy Warhol: Marilyn Series Marilyn Diptych, 1962. Oil, acrylic, and silk-screen enamel on canvas.

  24. Andy Warhol,Brillo Box Installation,Acrylic and silkscreen on plywood box, 1968

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