Agenda

1. Presence in Mobile VoIP networksAlex ShneydermanSenior Product ManagerCisco-dynamicsoftashneyderman@dynamicsoft.com973-980-9177

2. Agenda • Role of presence • Presence definitions and current trends • Technology behind current presence solutions • Applying presence solutions to specific operator’s needs • Conclusion

3. What is presence? • In a pervasively mobile society, access to information is no longer determined by the availability of communication media but rather by the subscriber’s willingness and ability to communicate. • Operators can determine if a subscriber is both willing and able to communicate by using technology which can discover and distribute the real-time subscriber state information • Presence is defined as a collection of real-time data describing the ability and willingness of a user to communicate across specific media and devices. • Presence deployment architectures can roughly be divided into two categories: • Network Presence used by the network to facilitate call control • ClientPresence used by user devices to enable users or client applications to make communications decisions directly.

4. Standardizing Presence • Presence is being standardized by a number of standards groups such as IETF, 3GPP, and PAM forum. • SIMPLE • Simple is developed by IETF and Backed by many industry leaders including Cisco and Microsoft. • SIMPLE provides a set of extensions to SIP to cover presence requirements not yet addressed by SIP location server by introducing new message extensions PUBLISH, SUBSCRIBE, and NOTIFY. • OMA IMPS • Open Mobile Alliance Instant Messaging and Presence Services workgroup is backed by Major handset manufacturers Nokia, Ericsson and Motorola • Creates a set of specifications for propagating instant messages and presence information between a mobile handset and a server in the mobile network • PAM • Presence and Availability Management standard created by PAM Forum to standardize Presence concepts independent of applications and networks. PAM specifications are not protocols but rather a set of APIs • PAM Is a de-facto presence standard of ETSI and 3GPP

5. Limitations of existing services Availability alerts voice mail PTT unconfirmed indicator Mobile Instant Messaging accuracy conferencing Lack of Information about the user Who (user identity)? Where (geographical location)? When (user preferences and availability)? How (device capability, available communications media)? Why (policies, permissions, eligibility, necessity, information type)? Lack of Interesting New Services Location/presence Relationship management PTT call handling enhancements Presence enhanced service request routing Presence enhanced address books and directory services What problems can be addressed with Presence?

6. Value and Accuracy of Presence The Network Effect • The Value Of Presence Increases Exponentially with the Richness of the Data It Has Access to • The Natural Evolution Of The Carrier Network Is Toward A Subscriber-Aware Network Which Centralizes Storage and Distribution of Presence Data • The Carrier Who Offers the Best Real-time Presence to Users and Other Applications Has Tremendous Leverage User StateIn a meeting, outside, driving, geo-location ApplicationIn a call, playing a game, device capabilities Connection IP Address, MIN, URI Registration Online/offline NoPresence

7. Practical Presence

8. Presence Solution components • Presence Server • A Presence Server designed for discovery, management and propagation of presence information. • Location Server or SIP registrar used to support routing of SIP requests • Presence triggers • SS7 gateway used to gather connectivity and call state from the carrier's HLR. • AAA presence gateway used to collect network connectivity state from the carrier's AAA server • IM gateway for desktop IM presence • Presence client • BREW/Palm OS/Windows-based client and app capable of displaying and collecting presence • Presence applications • Missed Call Service • Call Back Alert • Presence-enhanced PTT • etc

9. Presence Server

10. Presence Server Functionality Real-time subscriber information Information unique to the user/handset relationship Presence Server Subscriber information to other networks, applications and clients Privacy Policy Real-Time Network information Information unique to the operator/handset relationship Presence-enhanced call control Real-Time Application information Information unique to the applications Presence-enhanced applications Is Stored and managed in a Single Location Rich Presence Discovery capability Is Distributed As Needed

11. GMLC SMSC Clients Presence Server Deployment in VoIP networks Access Network Presence Sources Infrastructure Presence-enabled VoIP Applications HLR MAP IP PBX Push-to-Talk Applications LIF, MAP Presence Server SMPP Smart forwarding Cellular with PTT SIP/SIMPLE AAA/RADIUS Instant Conferencing SOAP Application Server Enhanced call routing SIP Servers Calendar VoWi-Fi

12. Key Features of a Presence Server • Presence discovery and distribution • Receives presence information from multiple sources • Combines presence from multiple sources based on the collected state • Collects presence through on-demand querying, periodic polling, and triggering • Supports multiple protocols for interfacing to external data sources • Propagates Presence Data out to All Authorized Subscribers and Applications through Standards-based Interfaces • Strong policy and authorization control • Users/providers can specify who sees their presence • Users/providers can specify what is seen, and when it is seen • Controls what applications and users get access to presence • Controls which applications can push presence into the Presence Server

13. Presence Discovery • Presence Server must be capable of discovering network presence with various degrees of accuracy from all real-time subscriber state information sources available in the network • Examples of Presence sources • SS7 presence • interrogation • periodic polling • triggering • AAA presence • SIP Presence • SIP registrar updates via SIPMPLE SUBSCRIBE/NOTIFY • Client Presence • Client publish • User defined presence • Calendar presence

14. Presence Client

15. Getting Presence To The Handset • Lessons Learned about VoIP Presence • Wireless VoIP presence is not the same as desktop VoIP presence • Wireless presence may in fact prove to offer richer user information • Must Minimize Over-the-Air Bandwidth • Minimal representation of information • Minimal information necessary • Minimal update frequency (zero when not needed) • Information Must Be real-time to be useful • Updates should be frequent when it is known the user will look at the status • Retrieval must be very fast

16. Typical Presence Client • typical functionality: • Support for three basic availability classes: available, not available, shadow mode • Works with contacts from the existing phonebook stored on the handset • Support for both push and pull presence retrieval options (one-click retrieval and automatic update) • Support for one click contact calling capability • Yahoo IM-style dynamic presence icons • Client examples • Quallcom Dynamic directory • Verizon Push-to-Talk • Gaim client • Followap client

17. Real Life Presence solutions

18. Presence-Enhanced PTT Contact List • Adding Presence to PTT/VoIP contact list address user problem of lack of information about the called party • Do they have a data session? • Are they registered for PTT? • Are they in a voice call? • Are they in-fact registered? • Do they even want to be called? • This information can be made available in various forms • Basic presence • Fetch presence state for contacts when user opens address book • Fetch only presence for the contact to which call is about to be made • Premium presence • Continuously update presence for selected contacts or the whole list in user-defined intervals • Add user-defined presence status overriding network presence • Presence-enhanced contact list benefits • User benefits • Availability: Users can see status of others prior to communication • Reachability: Users can understand whether the target device is available for a call • Operator benefits • Additional billable application • Better user experience and differentiation

19. PTT Unconfirmed Indication • Defined: Unconfirmed Indication: The PoC Server confirms readiness to receive media before it has received confirmation from downstream elements of readiness to receive media. • Needed because the “wake up delay” of dormant mobile telephony data connections may add several seconds to the time required for the request to complete. • The caller receives a confirmation tone BEFORE the of the receiver’s reachability confirmation is received. The caller begins speaking and then interrupted by a failure tone up to 14 seconds after they begin speaking • Happens when the PoC Server does not have enough information about the availability of the recipient’s mobile device prior to call setup attempt • Unconfirmed indicator can be addressed by presence • Is the mobile active and reachable from a network perspective? • Does user have an active registration for the PoC service? • Is the users on a circuit phone call? • Do users have an active data session that supports PoC?

20. PDSN PDSN 4 1 2 3 Presence Improves Reliability of Unconfirmed Indication Push-to-Talk Server AAA Push-to-Talk client Push-to-Talk client SIP Proxy SIP Proxy MSC Caller HLR Called party Presence Server • Caller initiates a Push-to-Talk session • The PTT server sends a query to the Presence server in parallel with placing a call to the target subscriber. Alternatively Presence Server maybe set up to constantly update PTT server with presence information received from AAA Server or HLR • Presence Server queries the HLR and AAA Server for circuit call state information and sends called party status to the PTT Server • Caller is only allowed to start transmitting voice to the MG if the called party is both REGISTERED and Not on a 2G phone call. In the event that the called party is available, the buffered media is sent on to their mobile device

21. Anita When he turns hisphone on, he receives a Missed Call Alert Alex Missed Call Summary ALERT called party that they received a call when they were not available Alex’s phone is currently off, not in network coverage. _____ Missed Call____ 10:23am Anita Called – 973-555-1212 Options Back Alex • Allows Subscribers to Get a Summary of the Calls Missed when their phone was off or out of coverage and caller did not leave a message • Missed call summary can be propagated via an SMS Message • MCS system can be Integrated with the Operator Voice Mail System

22. ALERT caller when the called party is most likely reachable Anita Alex’s phone is currently off. “<Alex> cannot take your call, press ‘1’ to receive a text notification when he becomes available and you can also leave a message” Alex When he turns his phone on, Anita receives the alert or a dial-out _____iAlert______ 10:30am Alex is now reachable Options Back Anita New Applications – Call Back Alert

23. Conclusion

24. Presence Classified Presence Network-based Client-based Presence detection Presence aggregation Presence distribution Presence reporting Presence requesting Presence processing Presence Applications Resolve Network limitations Create New Services Enhance Existing Services

25. Presence Deployment conclusions • Presence is not easy to sell • The benefits and the business case of presence are not fully understood by the market more attractive • In the current telecom environment presence is more likely to be deployed to address the limitations or enhance the existing systems rather then to create new apps • Presence is more likely to be considered when offered as a feature of an existing system • Examples of existing systems which may benefit from presence • VoIP-based PTT systems • Unconfirmed indicator • PTT client • Voice mail • Call Back Alert • Missed call service • Enterprise conferencing system • Presence-enhanced dynamic directory • Presence-enhanced VoIP conferencing

26. Thank you Contact: Alex Shneyderman Senior Product Manager ashneyderman@dynamicsoft.com +1.973.952.5073