240 likes | 404 Views
Analytical Methods for Lawyers. Finance Unit. Last updated 01 Mar 07. Schedule. Why the firm?. Theory of the Firm. Firm. Labor. Capital. Supplies. Equipment. Adam Smith “Wealth of Nations”. Land. Why not contracting?. Theory of the Firm. Capital. Labor. Entrepreneur. Supplies.
E N D
Analytical Methods for Lawyers Finance Unit Last updated 01 Mar 07
Theory of the Firm Firm Labor Capital Supplies Equipment Adam Smith “Wealth of Nations” Land
Theory of the Firm Capital Labor Entrepreneur Supplies Equipment Ronald Coase “Nature of the Firm” Land
Theory of the Firm Capital Labor Entrepreneur Supplies Equipment Ronald Coase “Nature of the Firm” Land
Separation of ownership/control Entrepreneurs (capitalist managers) Labor Capital Supplies Equipment Adolf Berle & Gardiner Means Land
Separation of ownership/control Professional managers Capital (diffuse public ownership) Labor Supplies Equipment Adolf Berle & Gardiner Means Land
Optimal debt-equity mix Managers Equity Labor Debt Franco Modigliani & Merton Miller “Cost of Capital” Supplies Equipment Land
Optimal debt/equity mix • Debt: • Priority • Fixed rate of return Net Assets Debt Optimal debt/equity? Equity • Equity: • Voting control • Residual returns
Optimal debt/equity mix • Less debt: • Large equity cushion • Lower risk lower cost Net Assets Debt Equity Optimal debt/equity? • More equity: • Low leverage • Lower returns higher cost
Optimal debt/equity mix • More debt: • Small equity cushion • Higher risk higher cost Net Assets Debt Optimal debt/equity? Equity • Less equity: • High leverage • High returns lower cost
Modigliani & Miller * Interest is deductible (debt subsidized by govt)
Leveraged firm Managers Outside debt Inside equity Labor Michael Jensen & William Meckling “Managerial Behavior” Supplies Equipment Land