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Semantic Web...

This presentation explores the concept of the semantic web and how it can be utilized in the Cultural Heritage domain. It covers topics such as resource description framework (RDF), mapping different terminologies to a standardized terminology (SKOS), and the challenges of implementing the semantic web in this domain.

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Semantic Web...

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  1. Semantic Web... ... and how the Cultural Heritage domain can use it. Fabian Shirokov

  2. Aims of the presentation • To show you: • What ‚semantic‘ web means • What it looks like • How to apply it in the Cultural Heritage domain Semantic web – Fabian Shirokov

  3. Usual homepage <html> <body> One word is <b>bold</b><br> Another word is <i>italic</i> </body> </html> Semantic web – Fabian Shirokov

  4. What does ‚semantic‘ mean? • To draw conclusions: • Peter wants a Chihuahua. • Peter wants a dog. • A human wants an animal. • Find out the truth of a sentence: • Peter is a Saarlaender. All Saarlaenders eat Schwenker. • Is „Peter eats Schwenker“ true? Semantic web – Fabian Shirokov

  5. Resource Description Framework: RDF • Everything has an internet address: http://www.mysite.de/peter http://www.mysite.de/want http://www.mysite.de/chihuahua • Everything is a ‚concept‘. Semantic web – Fabian Shirokov

  6. RDF – concepts are connected • Notation: <http://www.mysite.de/peter> <http://www.mysite.de/want> <http://www.mysite.de/chihuahua> . Semantic web – Fabian Shirokov

  7. RDF – concepts and sub-concepts • predefined relation: Notation: <http://www.mysite.de/human> <http://www.rdf-site.com/subClassOf> <http://www.mysite.de/mammal> . Semantic web – Fabian Shirokov

  8. RDF – define ‚prefixes‘ • Instead of writing <http://www.mysite.de/> you can define a prefix, e.g. ‚mysite:‘ Notation: @prefix mysite: http://www.mysite.de . mysite:peter mysite:wants mysite:chihuahua . Semantic web – Fabian Shirokov

  9. RDF – an example world @prefix rdf: http://www.rdf-site.com/. @prefix mysite: http://www.mysite.de/ . mysite:peter mysite:wants mysite:chihuahua . ... Semantic web – Fabian Shirokov

  10. RDF in the Cultural Heritage domain? • Goal: to make Cultural Heritage data machine understandable • Ask questions like: • Who has painted ‚Mona Lisa‘? • Which pieces of art were produced by Leonardo Da Vinci? • Which is the French word for ‚Virgin Mary‘? Semantic web – Fabian Shirokov

  11. Example: Applying RDF on museum data Semantic web – Fabian Shirokov

  12. Example: Applying RDF on museum data Semantic web – Fabian Shirokov

  13. Problem: each museum uses its own terminology • Each data base uses its own specified terminology, e.g. dm:wirdGenannt or ikon:hasName • Machines should need to understand only one terminology Semantic web – Fabian Shirokov

  14. Solution: a standardized terminology • If each data base used the same labels, our machines could learn to ‚understand‘ them. • But since they do not, we have to help ourselves... The labels of each data base need to be mapped to some standard labels Semantic web – Fabian Shirokov

  15. SKOS: a standardized terminology • ‚SKOS‘ (Simple Knowledge Organisation System): A standardized rdf-specification for knowledge representation Semantic web – Fabian Shirokov

  16. SKOS: a standardized terminology Semantic web – Fabian Shirokov

  17. Mapping other data to SKOS • Which concepts of different systems are actually the same concepts? • e.g. ‚dm:wurdeGemalt‘ <-> ‚ikon:hasPainter‘ • Which new relations do occur? • e.g. ‚xx:animal‘ <-> ‚zz:hund‘ Semantic web – Fabian Shirokov

  18. Remaining problem • There are algorithms, but their performance is not good enough The mapping still has to be done by hand Semantic web – Fabian Shirokov

  19. Summary • You have seen: • That Semantic Web data contains much more information than HTML • What Semantic Web data looks like • How the Cultural Heritage domain can use the Semantic Web and which limitations there are Semantic web – Fabian Shirokov

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