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Benjamin Zephaniah. 1958- Present. Brief Biography. Poet, novelist, playwright and musician Born in England in 1958 Lived in Jamaica for 12 years Became influenced by Bob Marley and Marcus Garvey Moved back to England in 1973
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Benjamin Zephaniah 1958- Present
Brief Biography • Poet, novelist, playwright and musician • Born in England in 1958 • Lived in Jamaica for 12 years • Became influenced by Bob Marley and Marcus Garvey • Moved back to England in 1973 • He has recently been awarded honorary doctorates by three different universities in London.
Influence • Heavily influenced by Rastafarianism • An Afro-centric spiritual movement that started in Ethiopia due to poor social and economic conditions • God was known as “Jah” • Marcus Garvey, a Jamaican was considered the prophet of this movement • Encouraged people to embrace their African heritage and move back to Africa. • Spread through the lyrics of reggae music
Institutional Racism • Found in most of our institutions: judicial and political systems, social clubs, associations, hospitals, universities, labor unions, businesses, corporations, the Church, health care centers and housing.
Spatial Racism (Gentrification) • Creating segregated suburbs or gentrified areas of cities, leaving the poor (mainly African Americans, Hispanics and some newly arrived immigrants) isolated in deteriorating areas of cities and older suburbs.
Internalized Racism • When people of color see themselves and their communities primarily through the eyes of the dominant culture and apply negative stereotypes