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GIS

GIS . Geographical Information Systems. Where, what, why?. Data located exactly to any spot – spatial data storage Record a wealth of data: in – GPS, land surveying, aerial photography, field samples, population census, administrative records Ask questions: Where? what? why?

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GIS

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  1. GIS Geographical Information Systems

  2. Where, what, why? • Data located exactly to any spot – spatial data storage • Record a wealth of data: in – GPS, land surveying, aerial photography, field samples, population census, administrative records • Ask questions: Where? what? why? • New Geographic Information out.

  3. Computer stores, organises, displays, combines and analyses multiple sets of geographic information. Advantages: • Cope with large amounts of data • Wide variety of data types • Cover large study areas – global • Easy to select scales within area to subdivide • Dynamic and easily updated • Faster and more efficient than manual non-integrated sources • Avoid political boundaries and other practical boundaries to research

  4. Key advantage is ability to combine different sets of data – investigate relationships linked by location – answer complex questions, make decisions about management Applications in an A2 investigation Collecting and recording • 1. Record field data electronically and then transfer to GIS • 2. Measure distances accurately and automatically • 3. Secondary data can be imported and superimposed as overlays (tiles) • 4. Recorded data is tied to specific locations

  5. Presenting data • 1. area, point and line data can be displayed on screen and manipulated • 2. produce maps to print out – spatial presentation • 3. fully customisable presentation techniques to enhance ability to analyse findings • 4. data overlaid and integrated to allow powerful analysis

  6. Analysing and interpreting • 1. data interrogation : where is? What’s the nearest? What intersects with? • 2. select specific aspects and identify features and their attributes that meet particular criteria • 3. possible to measure distances between any nominated features or locations. Exact • http://maps.environment-agency.gov.uk/wiyby/wiybyController#x=374829&y=163938&lg=1,2,3,4,7,8,&scale=5

  7. Helpful videos • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=INo0alwN0kc hilarious South African • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v1-HFWpKqls more detailed intro

  8. Evaluate the usefulness of GIS in data collection in an investigation (5)

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