The Urinary System

1. The Urinary System

2. Function of Urinary System • Filters blood of waste products THEN • Expels the waste from the body in the form of urine

4. 1. The kidneys • Regulate the levels of water, sodium, potassium (sodium and potassium are examples of electrolytes) • Remove urea from blood

5. Anatomy of the Kidney • Renal cortex – outer layer • Medulla – middle layer • Pelvis - inner section which is the central collecting area located at wide end of ureter

6. Nephron • Is the filtering unit of the kidney – blood is filtered here • Contains glomeruli which contain capillaries (i.e. minute blood vessels) that take blood to & from nephron • Forms urine

7. Ureters • Carry urine from the pelvis of the kidney to the bladder • Ureters are muscular tubes lined with mucous membrane

8. Bladder • Is a hollow muscular sac that holds the urine • Is also referred to as a vesicle • When urine is expelled it is called micturition, voiding or urination

9. Urethra • Single canal that carries urine from the bladder to the outside if the body • Urinary meatus is the term given to the external opening of the urethra • Urine is made up of 95% water & 5% waste products

10. Word Components

11. Word Components

12. Disorders of the Urinary System • 2 major types • Filtration of blood in kidney is disturbed • Flow of urine is blocked

13. Renal Failure • Disturbance to filtration of blood leads to the blood becoming toxic • Dialysis is the process by which artificial filtration of the blood is carried out • Renal failure is caused by damage to the kidneys e,g, infections, trauma, cancer, certain drugs

14. Blockages • Can occur in ureters, bladder, or urethra • Can be caused by inflammation from infections, tumours, stones known as renal calculi • Blockage can cause a build up of urine which can then lead to kidney damage

15. Other Disoreders

16. Urinary Disorders

17. Abbreviations

18. Procedures