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CHAPTER 14

CHAPTER 14 . RECONSTRUCTION. Chapter 14 Vocabulary. Reconstruction Capital Carpetbaggers Scalawags Freedmen’s Bureau Impeach 13 th Amendment 14 th Amendment 15 th Amendment Lynching. I. ECONOMIC PROBLEMS. I. Economic Problems. Money Confederate Money became worthless

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CHAPTER 14

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  1. CHAPTER 14 RECONSTRUCTION

  2. Chapter 14 Vocabulary Reconstruction Capital Carpetbaggers Scalawags Freedmen’s Bureau Impeach 13th Amendment 14th Amendment 15th Amendment Lynching

  3. I. ECONOMIC PROBLEMS

  4. I. Economic Problems • Money • Confederate Money became worthless • Georgia was in debt • Farmers lost their CAPITAL • Society needed to rely on Sharecropping and Tenant Farming

  5. I. Economic Problems • Sharecropper – person who owns nothing. Works for a share of the crops. • Tenant Farmer – the same as a sharecropper but owns their own tools and/or seeds.

  6. I. Economic problems • One goal of the war was to get the south away from a dependency on Cotton, but they just went back to it. • Land prices dropped. CARPETBAGGERS from the North came and bought up all the land.

  7. I. Economic Problems • Thousands of people moved to Atlanta looking for jobs, making it the biggest and most important city. • Atlanta becomes the capital in 1868 because of its superior transportation (railroad) network.

  8. II. SOCIAL RECONSTRUCTION

  9. II. Social Reconstruction • Freedman – a term referring to a newly freed slave. • The Republican Party established the Freedmen’s Bureau to help newly freed slaves. • They established several African American colleges including Atlanta University, Morehouse College, and Clark College

  10. II. Social Reconstruction • Several churches became divided on the issue of slavery and social injustices so several new churches were created.

  11. III. Political Reconstruction

  12. III. Political Reconstruction Lincoln’s Plan Congress’s Plan • Wanted to go easy on the South. • 10 Percent Plan – if 10% swear an oath to the Union, the state can rejoin. • Confederate leaders could be pardoned (forgiven). • Write a new constitution • Controlled by “Radical Republicans.” – extreme • Wanted to punish the South. • 50% swear an oath of allegiance. • Write a new constitution. • Ratify the 13th AMENDMENT.

  13. III. Political Reconstruction • Lincoln is assassinated by John Wilkes Booth. • Andrew Johnson (a Democrat) becomes president. He was sympathetic to the South. • Radical Republicans IMPEACH Andrew Johnson and take over Reconstruction.

  14. III. Political Reconstruction • Phase 1 • Georgia rewrites their constitution. • All Southern states ratify the 13th Amendment. Ends slavery. • Southern states create black codes, which are laws that discriminate against freedmen

  15. III. Political Reconstruction • Examples of black codes: • Whipping allowed for punishment. • Longer working hours for blacks. • Blacks arrested for loitering. • No blacks can testify or serve on juries.

  16. III. Political Reconstruction • Phase II • Southern states placed back under military rule until they ratify the 14th AMENDMENT- prevents laws from discriminated based on race. • The South was divided into 5 military districts. • Georgia was in a military district with Alabama and Florida. • A Republican governor was put in charge of Georgia.

  17. III. Political Reconstruction • SCALAWAGS (traitors) were people who were from the South but voted for Republicans. • Scalawags and carpetbaggers work together to approve the 14th amendment in Georgia. • Georgia is removed from military rule.

  18. III. Political Reconstruction • Ku Klux Klan (KKK) was created in the south to terrorize both freedmen and scalawags. • They did not want freedmen to practice their new rights. • Supported the Democratic Party. • Republicans in the North created the “Force Act” designed to stop the KKK but it didn’t work. • Performed LYNCHINGS.

  19. III. Political Reconstruction • Phase III • Southern states were placed under military rule for the 3rd time until they ratified the 15th AMENDMENT – gave African Americans the right to vote. • Georgia ratified the 15th amendment and was removed from military rule. • Southern states imposed poll taxes and literacy tests.

  20. IV. End of Reconstruction

  21. IV. End of Reconstruction • Election of 1876 • Republican – Rutherford B. Hayes • Democrat – Samuel Tilden • The election was close and they were unsure who really won. • Compromise of 1877 stated that Hayes would become president if the North promised to officially end Reconstruction.

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