Harmonic Progression and Harmonic Rhythm

1. Harmonic Progression and Harmonic Rhythm Chapter 10

2. Relationship of Chords • Customary chord progressions • Root relationships

3. Circle Progression • Descending 5th or ascending 4th • Examples: iii-vi ii-V V-I • Full diatonic circle • I – IV – vii° – iii – vi – ii – V – I • Can be used in small sections as well • Example: I – IV – V – iii – vi – ii – V – I

4. Other Common Progressions • Ascending 5ths and Descending 4ths • Examples: I-V IV-I ii-vi • Used often at beginning of phrase

5. Other Common Progressions • Ascending 2nds • Examples: IV-V V-vi I-ii • Used to transition from one circle to another • Most common: I – IV – V – I

6. Other Common Progressions • Descending 3rds • Examples: I-vi vi-IV IV-ii • Often used in series away from I • I – vi – IV – ii

7. The vii° Triad • Dominant function • Two pitches in common with V chord • vii°⁶ – I substitute for V – I

8. The 2nd Inversion Tonic Chord • Very unstable • Often seen in cadence • Viewed as decoration of V chord • I⁶₄ - V – I • ii – I⁶₄ - V – I is still circle progression

9. Repeated Chords • Repeated chords do not reflect any progression • Example: V – V

10. Harmonic Rhythm • Defines the meter of the piece • Sometimes one chord per measure • If there is more than one chord per measure, the chord changes on a strong beat • When one chord extends over several measures, it will change on a downbeat • Some pieces will change chord every beat

11. Harmonizing a Chorale Phrase • Half or authentic cadences only • Use circle progressions, especially at cadences • Harmonize each melody note • Include inversions and non-harmonics • Make the bass line as singable as possible • Don’t overuse as3 and ds2 progressions

12. Harmonizing a Folk Melody • Determine the harmonic rhythm • Identify chord outlines in the melody line • Use circle progressions, especially at cadences • Use some sort of rhythmic pattern to outline the chords