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BGC Day Two

BGC Day Two. Phosphorus (Limiting in Freshwater Aquatic Systems) Sulfur (beyond the textbook) Mercury (beyond the textbook). BGC Day Two. We need: Ca, Mg, K, and S Cellular regulation Derived from rocks & decomposed vegetation also dissolved in water (deposited by atm). Phosphorus Cycle.

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BGC Day Two

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  1. BGC Day Two • Phosphorus (Limiting in Freshwater Aquatic Systems) • Sulfur (beyond the textbook) • Mercury (beyond the textbook)

  2. BGC Day Two • We need: Ca, Mg, K, and S • Cellular regulation • Derived from rocks & decomposed vegetation also dissolved in water (deposited by atm)

  3. Phosphorus Cycle • no atmospheric component • no bacterial role • Land <-->sediments • Limiting factor in aquatic systems • Source: Rocks: PO43- • Sink: Ocean (Aquatic) sediments

  4. P in Living Organisms • Taken up by plants & moves up the system • ATP & nucleic acids(DNA/RNA & ATP) • decomposers

  5. Lake Washington • post WWII suburbanization • 10 STP’s, 20 million gallons/day • primary treatment only for bacteria • cultural eutrophication • Oscillatoria blooms

  6. NO3- • Top: just N • NO3-& PO4-3

  7. Cultural Eutrophication

  8. 4 Types of Lakes

  9. P Loss/Return • runoff to oceans • Guano

  10. Human Impacts-P • mining for fertilizers-Speed up the long term loss from land • runoff- feedlots, fertilizers • sewage discharge • clearcutting, agriculture, residential-land uses-P not stored in vegetation • Inorganic fertilizer use • ***Cultural Eutrophication

  11. S in Living Organisms • Plants uptake SO42- • S for proteins • Dimethyl sulfide (DMS) forming clouds and SO42- • BACTERIA drive the cycle: SO42- to H2S or to metallic S • Chemosysnthesis

  12. Sulfur Cycle • Source: rock deposits bound as minerals • Sea spray, dust storms (CaSO4) and volcanoes • atmosphere: H2S ---> SOx --> H2SO4

  13. Human Impact-S • Fossil Fuels: Coal & Diesel burning -->SO2 • Smelting of ores (FeS --> Fe + SOx) • Ice cores show Industrial revolution trend • Mined for H2SO4 industrial processes • biomining for metals in low-grade ores

  14. Why Care About mercury? • It is so “trace”

  15. Human Impacts-Hg • Burning Coal (1 plant - 170 lbs/yr) • Smelting Ores • Incineration • Mining Au • Vaccines

  16. Example: Minamata Bay Japan

  17. Proof Positive Proof Positive (Video Link)

  18. Mercury Cycle • Sources: Rocks and Coal • Sinks: sediments (?organisms?) • Inorganic mercury • Organic mercury: methylmercury

  19. MOVIE: Humans Mitigating Climate Change-Geoengineering

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