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Understanding Social Attributions

Explore the concept of attributions in social beliefs and judgments, including Heider's personal vs situational theory and Kelly's Covariation Theory. Learn about the Fundamental Attribution Error and the impact of expectations on others' behaviors through the Self-fulfilling Prophecy. Discover ways to reduce the effects of the problem.

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Understanding Social Attributions

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  1. Ch 3: Social Beliefs & Judgments Part 3: Feb. 5, 2014 (Exam 1 will be Fri., 2/7 as planned)

  2. Attributions • Attribution = explanation about a behavior • Heider – personal vs. situational • Kelly’s Covariation Theory (an attribution theory): • Attribute behavior to internal (person) or external (situation) based on 3 questions – • 1. Consensus • 2. Distinctiveness • 3. Consistency

  3. If low distinctiveness & low consensus, but high consistency, which attribution? • Example? • If high distinctiveness & high consensus, but low consistency, which attribution? • Example?

  4. Fundamental Attribution Error (FAE) • Relevant to judging others’ behavior: • When do we make an internal attribution? • When do we make an external attribution? • 2-step process: • Example?

  5. Self-fulfilling Prophecy • How can expectations influence others’ behaviors? • Pygmalion in the classroom – what are the results? • Rosenthal’s (1968) study – automatic process • 4 ways ‘bloomers’ were treated differently:

  6. Differences between experiments on self-fulfilling prophecy & reality? • Research on how to reduce the problem?

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