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Sociology Ch.6

Sociology Ch.6 . Adolescent in Society. Adolescence. Adolescence - Onset of puberty to beginning of adulthood-Ages 12-19 Modern Industrial Society has made Adolescence a distinct, separate life stage Is Not Distinct in all Cultures

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Sociology Ch.6

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  1. Sociology Ch.6 Adolescent in Society

  2. Adolescence • Adolescence- Onset of puberty to beginning of adulthood-Ages 12-19 • Modern Industrial Society has made Adolescence a distinct, separate life stage • Is Not Distinct in all Cultures • Puberty-Physical maturing that makes one capable of sexual reproduction

  3. Adolescence • Preindustrial Society-Young People go From Childhood to Adulthood After Formal Ceremonies • “Puberty Rites”-Demonstrate Strength, File Teeth, Tattoo or Scar Skin Adolescence as a Life Stage in United States …Did not exist before Civil War …Only in last 100 years has Adolescence become a stage of development

  4. Adolescence • 3 Factors in Development As Life Stage in USA • Education-Mandatory until Age 16 • Excluded from Work Force-Can’t work Until Age 16 • Juvenile Justice System-Distinguishes from Adults and Juveniles

  5. Adolescence • 5 Characteristics of Adolescents • Biological Growth and Development • Undefined Status • Increased Decision Making • Increased Pressures • Search for Self

  6. 5 Characteristics of Adolescents 1. Biological Growth and Development • Puberty-Universal, Because it is Biological Rather Than Cultural • Controlled by Brain and Endocrine system (Hormones) • Acne, Primary and Secondary Sexual Characteristics 2. Undefined Status-Vague…Children and Adults have clear Expectations -Can Marry at 16, Can’t Vote until Age 18

  7. 5 Characteristics of Adolescents 3. Increased Decision Making- Make own Decisions, Short and Long Term 4. Increased Pressure-Rules…Parent, School, Jobs, Peers, Friends, Athletics 5. The Search for Self- Mature, preparing for future roles, Establish Personal Norms -Anticipatory Socialization- Learning Rights, Obligations and Expectations of a Role to Prepare For The Future-Jobs, Dating

  8. Dating • Dating- Meeting of people as a romantic engagement • Found in Societies that Allow Individuals to Choose Their Own Marriage Partners • Emerged in America After World War I • Only Studied Since 1940’s • Prior to Dating…Courtship, where Marriage is the Goal • Dating’s Goal is Entertainment and Amusement

  9. Dating • Courtship is not Flexible, Roles were Strictly Defined • Man asked Parents First • Men and Women were strictly Chaperoned, Under Close Supervision What Created Dating? -Industrialization, Men Did Not Need Property -Free Public Secondary Education (Coed) -Telephones and Automobiles

  10. Dating • Willard Waller-Conducted one of The Earliest Sociological Analyses of American Dating • 1920’s-1930’s-Penn State University • Casual Dating was Entertainment, not Mate Selection • Status Attainment and Excitement were Center of Dating • Partners Selected Because of Good Looks, Nice Clothes and Popularity • Courtship valued traits of Dependability and Honesty

  11. Dating • Women Selected Potential Dates According To: Fraternity Membership, Money, Clothes, Cars, Dancing Ability • Goal-Not to Risk Social Status • Research Challenges Waller’s Research • Character and Personality • Homogamy-Tendency to marry people with similar Social Characteristics

  12. Dating Patterns • Traditional Patterns- Still in Small Towns and Rural Areas • 1940’s-1950’s- Arranging Date is Man’s Responsibility • Ritualized- Rules of Conduct/Expected Behavior • Set Activities-Movies, Sporting Events

  13. Dating Patterns • Contemporary Patterns- 1960’s • Informal • Equality- To initiate Dates, Pay • Flexible- Relationships Based More on Group and Friendship

  14. Amish • Courting Buggy- Horse Drawn Carriage • No School/Outside Job…”Singings” Allow Men/Women to meet and Talk • No Divorce

  15. Challenges of Adolescence • Sexual Behavior • Western Cultural View-Strict Norms Against Premarital Sexuality • American Cultural View-Form from Puritan and Victorian Views of Sexual Morality- • Wait Til Marriage • Changing Norms Increase Teenage Sexual Behavior -29% in 1970…50% in 1995 • Birthrate in USA is Higher Among Teenagers Than Other Industrialized Countries

  16. Reflection • Read Article • Write Reflection-Based on Article and Your High School Experience • Do You Agree/Disagree with the Article? Why? • ½ to 1 Page

  17. Influences of Sexual Activity • Sociological Explanation- • Social Reasons- Family Income Level, Parent’s Marital Status, Religious Participation • Norms of Subgroups (Views on Sexuality, Drug Use and Delinquency)

  18. Effects of Early Sexual Activity • Learning Disabilities • Emotional Stress • Lower Lifetime Earnings, Education • Babies Health (Birth Weight, Death Rate)

  19. Drug Use • Drug-Any Substance That Changes Mood, Behavior or Consciousness • Now includes Alcohol and Tobacco • Drug Violence- Increased in 1980’s and 1990’s • Adult Criminal Gangs-Drug Trafficking

  20. Drugs • United States has Highest Rate of Drug Use in Industrialized World • Influences-Friends/Peers Drug Use, Adjustment Problems, Hostile family Setting

  21. Suicide • Drugs/Alcohol Contribute to Suicide • Suicide Rate has Doubled in Last 3 Decades • Emile Durkheim Study-Suicide • Social Integration-The Degree of Attachment People Have to Social Groups • Very High and Very Low Attachment=High Rate • Place Needs of Group Above Personal Needs

  22. Suicide • Social Disorganization-Low Levels of Integration (Economic Change, War, Natural Disaster) • Predictors- Alcohol, Age, Sex(Females Attempt More, Males Succeed More), Population Density, Family Relations, Cluster Effect, Triggering Event (Fear of Punishment, Loss/Rejection, Crisis, Fight)

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