:

1. ????????????:??? ?????????? ??????????????

2. 2 Outline 802.11 a/b/g 802.11 Global Regulatory Status Wireless LAN Regulations in Taiwan Regulatory and testing issues for 802.11 in the 2.4/5 GHz band RFID Overview of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) RFID International Regulatory Requirements

4. 4 Key Conformance for Global Market

5. 5 Regions

6. 6 North America

7. 7 Europe

8. 8 Rest of Europe

9. 9 Latin America

10. 10 Latin America

11. 11 Latin America

12. 12 Asia ANZA

13. 13 Asia Pacific

14. 14 Asia Pacific

15. 15 Asia Pacific

16. 16 Asia Pacific

17. 17 Asia Pacific

18. 18 Middle East

19. 19 Middle East

20. 20 Middle East

21. 21 Standard Technical Documentation

23. 23 Wireless LAN Regulations On June 5,2002, DGT announced “Interim Administrative Guidelines on 2.4GHz and 5GHz WLAN”. Per stipulation, DGT will review WLAN market development and revise the interim guidelines after one year trial.

24. 24 Revised Administrative Guidelines DGT revised “Administrative Guidelines on 2.4GHz and 5GHz WLAN” and promulgated on July 11,2003. Major revision: 1.Abolish the category classification of in- door/out-door usage for Public WLAN. 2.All of the Type I and Type II operators may deploy PWLAN, but shall notify to and register with the DGT in advance.

25. 25 3. Businesses with attached provision of WLAN,e.g. coffee shops, restaurants, hotels, airports and etc., which are not involved in the offering of telecom services, need not apply for licenses. 4.For consumer protection, operators shall: ?Clearly inform consumers of the fact that PWLAN have a characteristic of having to endure interference. ?notify its prices for PWLAN services to the DGT in advance and the prices to be published in the public. Revised Administrative Guidelines

26. 26 Regulatory Principles of Guidelines Unlicensed Band and No Frequency Fee at present. WLAN equipment used shall be subject to type approval. No regulatory restriction on WLAN usage for non-profit purposes.

27. 27 Regulatory Principles of Guidelines Provision of PWLAN shall possess a license or permit. All of the Type I and Type II operator may deploy PWLAN to offer telecom services subject to registration with DGT before the commencement of the provision of the service. To deploy WLAN access equipment such as access points etc. and their extension networks shall obey relative regulations.

28. 28 Frequency Band Available 2.4-2.4835 GHz ?Shared with ISM equipment ?Suitable for IEEE 802.11b and 802.11g 5.25-5.35 GHz ?indoor use only ?Shared with ISM equipment ?Suitable for IEEE 802.11a and HiperLAN I and II 5.725-5.825 GHz ?Shared with ISM equipment ?Suitable for IEEE 802.11a

29. 29 Frequency Band Available 5.47-5.725 GHz Newly allocated for Wireless access system incl. WLAN

30. 30 WLL 3.4GHz~3.7GHz 4.41GHz~4.43GHz 4.71GHz~4.73GHz 24GHz~42GHz WLAN 2.4GHz~2.4835GHz 5.725Hz~5.875GHz 5.25~5.35GHz(Indoor use) ????????????????????????? ?????????????????????,??????2.4G?5G??????????????????,??5.25?5.35GHz??????? ????????????????????????? ?????????????????????,??????2.4G?5G??????????????????,??5.25?5.35GHz???????

31. 31 Spectrum Allocation

32. Spectrum Allocation

33. 33 PWLAN Deployment Status (Dec.2003)

34. 34

35. 35

36. 36

37. 37

38. 38

39. 39 Summary DGT plays a minimal regulation in the introduction of wireless LAN service Wireless technology plays a more significant role in information infrastructure Wireless LAN as an extension of the fixed networks, offer alternatives to the last-mile wire-line network. Integrating 3G and Wireless LAN provides the opportunity to offer both ubiquitous coverage with good voice telephony support while providing local “hot spot” connectivity in high demand areas.

40. Regulatory and Testing Issues for 802.11 in the 2.4/5 GHz band

41. 41 802.11b is Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) 802.11a/g is Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex (OFDM) All 802.11g devices must be backwards compatible to 802.11b

42. 42 2400 to 2483.5 MHz Band Devices are covered under FCC Part 15, Subpart C Specific section is 15.247 All 802.11g devices must also be tested in the 802.11b mode

43. 43 6 dB Bandwidth Peak Power Must use a power meter with a video bandwidth greater than the EUT RF Channel Bandwidth, or a spectrum analyzer with channel power integration 99% Bandwidth Measurement Required to determine channel integration bandwidth Peak Power Spectral Density

44. 44 Bandedge and Spurious May be either conducted or radiated measurement Conducted tests only applicable outside of restricted bands Restricted Bands Must be radiated measurement Typically plot the entire adjacent restricted bands

45. 45 For Radiated tests below 1 GHz, FCC allows a single test of the worst-case configuration and channel FCC Class B Limits are specified for Subpart C AC Mains Line Conduction tests Either FCC Class B or CISPR 22 Class B Limits CISPR 22 Class B Limits are mandatory for products marketed after July 11, 2005

46. 46 5 GHz Band Unlicensed Devices are covered under two rule parts FCC Part 15, Subpart C also known as Digital Transmission System (DTS) rules FCC Part 15, Subpart E also known as Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure (U-NII or UNII) rules

47. 47 5 GHz Authorized Bands 5150 to 5250 MHz (U-NII Band 1) 5250 to 5350 MHz (U-NII Band 2) 5470 to 5725 MHz (newly authorized U-NII band) 5725 to 5825 MHz (U-NII Band 3) 5725 to 5850 (DTS Band)

48. 48 Band 1 Requirements Power Limits are lower than other U-NII bands EIRP Limits are lower than other U-NII bands Antenna must be Integral to EUT Indoor Use Only

49. 49 15.247 requirements are the same in both the 2400 to 2483.5 MHz band and the 5740 to 5825 MHz band EIRP limits in 5 GHz band are higher than 2.4 GHz band Output power limits are the same Higher allowable antenna gain

50. 50 26 dB Bandwidth Peak Power Measurement procedure yields a result close to the average power Peak Power Spectral Density Peak Excursion Except for BW, the above measurements require a spectrum analyzer that has an RMS detector and a power averaging function

51. 51 Bandedge and Spurious May be either conducted or radiated measurement Conducted tests only applicable outside of restricted bands Restricted Bands Must be radiated measurement Typically plot the entire adjacent restricted bands

52. 52 For Radiated tests below 1 GHz, FCC allows a single test of the worst-case configuration and channel FCC Class B Limits are specified for Subpart C AC Mains Line Conduction tests Either FCC Class B or CISPR 22 Class B Limits CISPR 22 Class B Limits are mandatory for products marketed after July 11, 2005

53. 53 Industry Canada Requirements IC Standard is RSS-210 Very similar to FCC requirements Must perform 99% bandwidth test Power Spectral Density test procedure is different Add Receiver Spurious Radiated Test Upper frequency of investigation is Third Harmonic Radiated Limit below 1 GHz is FCC Class B Will not accept CISPR 22 Class B Limit AC Mains Conducted Limit is FCC Class B Will not accept CISPR 22 Class B Limit

54. 54 Industry Canada Requirements IC RSS-210 (o) covers DTS Authorized bands are the same as FCC Regulations are very similar to FCC The FCC/IC comparison comments regarding the 2.4 GHz DTS band also apply to the 5 GHz DTS band IC RSS-210 (q1) covers U-NII Canada has not adopted the new FCC band Channel Tests are different from FCC Spurious tests are similar to FCC

55. 55 Industry Canada Requirements IC Authorized Bands 5150 to 5250 MHz (U-NII Band 1) 5250 to 5350 MHz (U-NII Band 2) 5725 to 5825 MHz (U-NII Band 3) 5725 to 5850 (DTS Band)

56. 56 IC Channel Tests Different from FCC 99% Bandwidth Average Power Power Spectral Density Conducted Spurious, Radiated Spurious, AC Mains Line Conduction Similarities to FCC are essentially the same for both DTS and U-NII

57. 57 Band 1 Requirements Power Limits are lower than other U-NII bands EIRP Limits are lower than other U-NII bands Antenna must be Integral to EUT Indoor Use Only

58. 58 Taiwan Requirements RF is governed by DGT Directorate General of Telecommunications Applicable Standard is LP0002 EMC is governed by BSMI Required for ITE Devices (for example, Access Point) CISPR 22 Class B Radiated CISPR 22 Class B AC Mains Line Conducted

59. 59 Taiwan RF Requirements Begin with FCC requirements Must perform Channel Integration test for Peak Power Add Radiated Field Strength of fundamental signal for all channels (Low, Mid, High) Add Receiver Spurious test for all channels (Low, Mid, High)

60. 60 Taiwan RF Requirements Must use FCC Class B Radiated Limits below 1000 MHz Must perform a separate radiated spurious test from 30 to 1000 MHz for each Transmit Channel (Low, Mid, High) Must perform a separate radiated spurious test from 30 to 1000 MHz for each Receive Channel (Low, Mid, High)

61. 61 Taiwan RF Requirements Must use FCC Class B Limit for AC Mains Line Conduction A single test of the worst-case configuration and channel is allowed for this measurement

62. 62 Taiwan RF Requirements DGT Authorized Bands 5250 to 5350 MHz (U-NII Band 2) 5725 to 5825 MHz (U-NII Band 3) 5725 to 5875 (DTS Band)

63. 63 Taiwan RF Requirements DTS Requirements The FCC/DGT comparison comments regarding the 2.4 GHz DTS band also apply to the 5 GHz DTS band U-NII Requirements 5250 to 5350 MHz DGT in-band limits are the same amplitude as 5150 to 5250 MHz FCC in-band limits Indoor use only allowed from 5250 to 5350 MHz Spurious limits are similar to FCC

64. 64 Japan Requirements Radio is governed by MPHPT Ministry of Public Management, Home Affairs, Posts and Telecommunication Applicable Standards RCR STD-33 for 802.11b ARIB STD-T66 for 802.11b/g ARIB STD-T71 for 802.11a Authorized Band 5150 to 5250 MHz (U-NII Band 1)

65. 65 Japan EMC Requirements EMC is administered by VCCI Voluntary Control Council for Interference by Information Technology Equipment Applicable to Access Points, for example Limits CISPR 22 Class B Radiated CISPR 22 Class B AC Mains Line Conducted

66. 66 Japan Radio Requirements Low, Mid, and High Channels 1 to 13 Separate Requirements for Channel 14 Legacy devices continue to be in service Channel Center Frequency = 2484 MHz Authorized Band 2471 to 2497 MHz 5150 to 5250 MHz (U-NII Band 1) 802.11b mode operation only Indoor Use Only(5GHz)

67. 67 Japan Radio Requirements All Testing is Antenna Port Conducted Average Power Power Spectral Density (dBm/MHz) EIRP = PSD + Antenna Gain 99% Occupied Bandwidth 90%Spreading Bandwidth Frequency Tolerance Adjacent Channel Power (5GHz only) Transmit Spurious Receive Spurious

68. 68 European Requirements 2.4GHz Radio Spectral Matters (RSM) Standard is ETSI EN 300 328 Current Harmonized version is v.1.4.1 Version v.1.5.1 is released by ETSI, but not yet published in Official Journal Technical Construction File (TCF) is required to use v.1.5.1 5GHz Radio Spectral Matters (RSM) Standard is ETSI EN 301 893 Current Harmonized version is v.1.2.3 EMC Standard is ETSI EN 301 489-17 Applies to the radio, even if not ITE equipment

69. 69 European 2.4GHz RSM Requirements EIRP Peak and Average required under v.1.4.1 Only Average required under v.1.5.1 Power Density Frequency Range Regarding all the above tests May be Conducted plus antenna gain, or radiated Measured over Normal and Extreme environmental conditions

70. 70 European 5GHz RSM Requirements Average Power / EIRP / TPC Power Density Regarding all the above tests May be Conducted plus antenna gain, or radiated Measured over Normal and Extreme environmental conditions

71. 71 European RSM Requirements Emission Mask(5GHz) Transmit Spurious Receive Spurious Regarding the above tests May test Antenna port conducted plus Cabinet radiation (Radiated with a load), or Antenna and cabinet radiation (Radiated with the Antenna)

72. 72 European RSM Requirements European Authorized Bands 5150 to 5350 MHz 5740 to 5725 MHz

73. 73 European EMC Requirements Emissions Radiated 30 to 1000 MHz, CISPR 22 B AC Mains Line Conducted Harmonic Currents Voltage Fluctuations and Flicker

74. 74 European EMC Requirements Immunity Enclosure Port ESD RF Radiated Field 80 to 1000 MHz and 1.4 to 2 GHz AC Mains Port Surge EFT Burst RF Conducted 150 kHz to 80 MHz Voltage Dips and Interruptions

75. 75 European EMC Requirements Immunity I/O Ports (If Applicable) Surge EFT Burst RF Conducted 150 kHz to 80 MHz

76. An Overview ofRadio Frequency Identification(RFID)

77. 77 RF ID BASICS An RF ID tag is an IC attached to an antenna, which is usually printed or etched on a substrate material. An RFID system typically consists of a radio-enabled device that communicates with or "interrogates" a tag or label, which is embedded with a single chip processor and an antenna. The "interrogator" or RFID reader may be a fixed antenna or it may be portable Host computer stores all collected data within a database.

78. 78 . RF ID BASICS

79. 79 . RF ID BASICS

80. 80 RF ID BASICS

81. 81 How Do RF Tags Work ? 1. Reader emits a “continuous” RF signal RF energy provides power to the tag (for passive systems) 3. Tag “modulates” a preprogrammed message 4. Modulated signal is decoded by the reader All of the tags on the previous slide operate using similar principals. The technique is known as “continuous wave backscatter modulation”. The Reader or Interrogator emits a continuous Radio Frequency beam. The tag obtains enough power from the RF beam to power up it’s internal circuitry. The tag modulates the contents of its memory back to the Reader The tags are NOT transmitters. They are merely good reflectors or poor reflectors of the RF energy being beamed to them. A switch (or Field Effect Transistor) inside the tag either shorts the antenna to ground or opens the antenna. Making either a strong reflection or a poor reflection of the RF energy. (Kind of like using a safety mirror to signal a plane using the sun) The modulated signal is detected and decoded by the Reader and converted into conventional digital data for use by computers, data processors, etc.All of the tags on the previous slide operate using similar principals. The technique is known as “continuous wave backscatter modulation”. The Reader or Interrogator emits a continuous Radio Frequency beam. The tag obtains enough power from the RF beam to power up it’s internal circuitry. The tag modulates the contents of its memory back to the Reader The tags are NOT transmitters. They are merely good reflectors or poor reflectors of the RF energy being beamed to them. A switch (or Field Effect Transistor) inside the tag either shorts the antenna to ground or opens the antenna. Making either a strong reflection or a poor reflection of the RF energy. (Kind of like using a safety mirror to signal a plane using the sun) The modulated signal is detected and decoded by the Reader and converted into conventional digital data for use by computers, data processors, etc.

82. 82 Passive Tag RFID Operation

83. 83 Some tags can be very small!

84. 84 Passive Tags

85. 85 Passive Tag Antenna Examples Many different tag antennas for different types of products. Many different antenna materials.

86. 86 915 MHz Reader

87. 87 AIDC Tag Classes Class-1 Identity code only, RF user programmable Lowest cost (5¢ in 2-3 years) Class-2 RF READ and WRITE tags (256 bits to 16Kbits) Medium cost (8-15¢ moving down to 5-8¢ in 3-5 years) Class-3 Self-Powered (battery, photovoltaic NanoBlock™ IC, etc) Ability to monitor inputs and control outputs Up to 100 meter range (Lots of Margin) Higher cost – (but still less than transmitter tags) Class-4 Direct communication with other tags without readers

88. 88 Active Tags Active Battery powered Read-write and read only versions available Longer read ranges (25 to 100 feet) Higher tag costs ($ $ per tag) 2D location systems possible Example: toll booths

89. 89 Passive Tags Powered by reader Read-write and read only versions available Shorter read ranges (Inches to 20 feet) Lower tag costs (goal: <$.05 per tag) Item ID Example: item management

90. 90 Tag Modulations

91. 91

92. 92 Radio Frequency Assignment

93. RFID INTERNATIONAL REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS

94. 94 Worldwide Regulatory Environment

95. 95 FCC RFID Requirements Traditional RFID Operate under Section 15.225 (13.553-13.567 MHz) Passive devices (Authorization not required) or self-powered transmitter New Rules (2nd R&O and MO&O) in FCC 01-149 (Docket 01-278) Allows data transmission in Section 15.231 Modifies the FS limit for 13 MHz RFID systems Harmonize limits with European Telecommunications Standard Institute (ETSI) Allows operation in the 13.11-14.01 MHz band Including the 13.36-13.41 MHz Restricted Band

96. 96 Third R &O FCC 04-98 (Docket 01-278) SAVI Petition for Reconsideration (Under 15.231) RFID in the 433.5-434.5 MHz Band (433 MHz Band) Commercial and Shipping Increase field strength for control signals Increase the 15.231(e) transmission duration to 120 seconds FCC RFID Requirements

97. 97 New Final Rules (Section 15.240) Commercial and industrial shipping containers (ie: ports, rail terminals, and warehouses Two way operation to interrogate and load data into devices FS 11,000 microvolts/meter @ 3m (average detector) Peak not to exceed 55,000 microvolts/meter @ 3m Transmission duration not to exceed 60 seconds Reinitiate interrogation in case of transmission error Silent period between transmissions not less than 10 seconds Section 15.209 limits outside band Tag can be authorized with device or separately FCC RFID Requirements

98. 98 Additional Provisions to the Rule 40 kilometer distance from certain DoD radar sites FCC and NTIA receive device location information FCC RFID Requirements TCBs must audit a certain number of devices based on the number of grants issued. Report cases of non-compliance to the Commission at rfabina@fcc/gov.TCBs must audit a certain number of devices based on the number of grants issued. Report cases of non-compliance to the Commission at rfabina@fcc/gov.

99. 99 RFID and FCC Certification

100. 100

101. 101  15.209 Radiated emission limits, general requirements

102. 102  15.209 Radiated emission limits, general requirements

103. 103 15.223 Operation in the band 1.705 - 10 MHz

104. 104 15.225 Operation within the band 13.110 – 14.010 MHz.

105. 105 Active Tags: Separate or Combined Grants Allowed

106. 106 15.240 Operation in the band 433.5-434.5 MHz

107. 107 Operation under the provisions of this section is restricted to devices that use radio frequency energy to identify the contents of commercial shipping containers. Operations limited to commercial and industrial areas such as ports, rail terminals and warehouses. Two-way operation is permitted to interrogate and to load data into devices. Devices operated pursuant to the provisions of this section shall not be used for voice communications 15.240 Operation in the band 433.5-434.5 MHz

108. 108 (b)?In band field strength at 3m: 11,000 uV/m Average 55,000 uV/m Peak ?Devices authorized under these provisions shall be provided with a means for automatically limiting operation : Duration of each transmission < 60 seconds May reinitiate an interrogation in the case of a transmission error. Silent period between transmissions = 10 seconds. (c) The field strength of emissions outside the specified band shall not exceed the general radiated emission limits in § 15.209. 15.240 Operation in the band 433.5-434.5 MHz

109. 109 Combined or Separate Certifications 15.240 (d) Powered (active) tags designed to operate with a device (reader) may be approved with the device or be considered as a separate device subject to separate authorization. Powered tags approved with a device under a single application shall be labeled with the same identification number as the device. Protecting Incumbent Federal Radar Systems 15.240 (e) Lists names and coordinates of 5 radar sites. Tags must be located more than 40Km from these sites.

110. 110 RFID Registration: New procedure f) As a condition of the grant, the grantee of an equipment authorization for a device operating under the provisions of this section shall provide Information to the user concerning compliance with the operational restrictions in paragraphs (a) and (e) of this section. Information on the locations where the devices are installed to the FCC Office of Engineering and Technology FCC will provide this information to the Federal Government through the National Telecommunications and Information Administration The user of the device shall be responsible for submitting updated information in the event the operating location or other information changes after the initial registration. The grantee shall notify the user of this requirement.

111. 111 RFID Registration: New procedure

112. 112 RFID Registration: Confidentiality Issues

113. 113 RFID Registration: Confidentiality Issues

114. 114 15.247: Operation in 900/2400/5800 MHz Bands No specific requirements for RFID Up to 4 W eirp (36 dBm eirp) allowed Passive and active tags

115. 115 15.247: Operation in 900/2400/5800 MHz Bands 902-928 MHz 2400-2480.5 MHz 5715-5850 MHz DTS (digital transmission systems) Parameters Peak output power = 1 watt Maximum gain antenna for 1 watt point to multipoint = 6 dBi Min 6 dB BW = 500 kHz Max psd (power spectral density) = 8 dBm/3kHz Out of band emissions: -20 dBc for non-restricted bands Restricted bands limits (see sec. 15.205): 15.209 general limits

116. 116 15.247: Operation in 900/2400/5800 MHz Bands 902-928 MHz 2400-2480.5 MHz 5715-5850 MHz Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS) Parameter 900 2400 5800 Max power 1 W* 1W* 1W Max 20 dB BW 500kHz 1MHz 1MHz Min. number of channels 25* 15* 75 Max ch. occupancy time 0.4/10sec8 0.4/15sec* 0.4/20sec * Depends on number of hopping channels or channel bandwidth

117. 117 15.247: Operation in 900/2400/5800 MHz Bands 902-928 MHz 2400-2480.5 MHz 5715-5850 MHz Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS) 15.247(a)1: The system shall hop to channel frequencies that are selected at the system hopping rate from a pseudo randomly ordered list of hopping frequencies. Each frequency must be used equally on the average by each transmitter. The system receivers shall have input bandwidths that match the hopping channel bandwidths of their corresponding transmitters and shall shift frequencies in synchronization with the transmitted signals.

118. 118 15.247: Operation in 900/2400/5800 MHz Bands For RFID systems DTS rules allow practical passive and active tag operation 8dBm/3kHz psd requirement increases system complexity and/or requires reduction in maximum power levels FHSS output power not limited by psd, however, systems would need to meet all rules including 15.247(a)1 - system complexity, cost Rule interpretation?

119. 119 15.249: Operation in 900/2400/5800 MHz Bands Frequency E, mV/m E, uV/m Fundamental Harmonics __________________________________________________ 902 - 928 MHz 50 500 2400 - 2483.5 MHz 50 500 5725 - 5875 MHz 50 500 24.0 - 24.25 GHz 250 2500 Out of Band: -50 dBc or general limits in 15.209, whichever provides lesser attenuation

120. 120 15.249: Operation in 900/2400/5800 MHz Bands RF levels too low for practical passive tag operation at large distance Active tags up to 1250 ft per some mfr claims (900 MHz)

121. 121 Military RFID regulations Testing requirements vary depending on installation environment Testing would normally include : Radiated susceptibility (MilStd 461) ESD (MilStd 461) Radiated emissions for EMCON under (MilStd 464) Testing would be on tags as well as readers

122. 122 Product Integrity Verification False Product Tampered Product Adulteration Substitution Re Labeling Unacceptable Status of Product Expired Discarded Recalled Poor Quality

123. 123 EPC Testing EPCglobal owns the Certification Program criteria Program Implementation will be through the Member Organization network on a national/regional basis Testing Centers will only be launched through EPCglobal First Lab will be located in North America EPC testing does not include FCC regulatory testing DoD requires no additional testing beyond FCC regulatory testing for inventory purposes at this time.

124. 124

125. 125 Radio devices – R&TTE Directive 1999/5/EC Must test for/demonstrate compliance with EMC requirements Radio spectrum measurements (RSM) Safety RF exposure limits for humans

126. 126 Radio devices - R&TTE Directive 1999/5/EC Harmonized standards Published in the Official Journal of the EU If harmonized standards exist for product, mfr may test to them, self-declare compliance, affix CE mark

127. 127 Radio devices - R&TTE Directive 1999/5/EC Technical Construction File Route to Compliance If no harmonized standards exist or exist only in part, mfr generally must follow technical construction file (TCF) route to compliance Notified body (NB) or conformity assessment body (CAB) involved in TCF process: review test plans for acceptability, assess TCF against the Directive

128. 128 EU Country Notifications Some frequency bands harmonized throughout EU (ex: AM band) Non-harmonized frequency bands are those that are allocated differently nation by nation For equipment operating in non-harmonized frequency bands, national authorities must be notified (web-based forms, email, snail-mail, fax) Notifications must be submitted at least 4 weeks prior to placing products on the market

129. 129 Unlicensed RFID in EU EU countries allocate unlicensed spectrum differently CEPT Recommendation 70-03 has information on how short range device (SRD) spectrum is used in the EU

130. 130 Harmonized RSM Standards Used for RFID

131. 131 Proposed RSM Standards Used for RFID

132. 132 Harmonized EMC Standards Used for RFID

133. 133 EN 301 489 Test Requirements

134. 134

135. 135 RFID Below 30 MHz

136. 136 EN 300 330 Requirements

137. 137 Harmonized EMC Standards Used for RFID

138. 138

139. 139 Receiver classification

140. 140 RFID 30 - 1000 MHz

141. 141 EN 300 220 Requirements

142. 142 EN 300 220 Output Power Limits

143. 143

144. 144 RFID Above 1 GHz

145. 145 EN 300 440 Requirements

146. 146

147. 147

148. 148

149. 149

150. 150

151. 151

152. 152

153. 153

154. 154

155. 155

156. 156

157. 157

158. 158

159. 159

160. 160 Japan Regulatory Framework As of January 26, 2004 major changes took place 3 Certification Bodies may now issue Certificates in addition to MPHPT Telec DSP Research Telefication – The first CB outside of Japan! Label requirements have changed

161. 161 Japan Regulatory Framework

162. 162 Japan Regulatory Framework

163. 163

164. 164

165. 165

166. 166

167. 167

168. 168

169. 169

170. 170

171. 171

172. 172

173. 173

174. 174

175. 175

176. 176

177. ? ? ? ?? ? ? ?