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Properties

Properties. Chapter 3. Chemical vs Physical Properties. A chemical property the ability or inability of a substance to combine with or change into one or more new substances

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Properties

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  1. Properties Chapter 3

  2. Chemical vs Physical Properties A chemical property the ability or inability of a substance to combine with or change into one or more new substances A physical property is a characteristic of matter that can be observed or measured without changing the sample's composition—for example, density, color, taste, hardness, and melting point 2

  3. Intensive vs Extensive Intensive property: a physical property that remains the same no matter how much a substance is present Extensive property: a physical property, such as mass, length, and volume, that is dependent upon the amount of substance present 4

  4. Chemical vs Physical Changes Chemical change - a process involving one or more substances changing into new substances; also called a chemical reaction Physical change - a transition of matter from one state to another 7

  5. Which of the following are chemical changes? Select all that apply. • breaking glass • building a birdhouse • rusting bicycle • melting butter • spoiling food • mixing lemonade • mowing the lawn.

  6. Which of the following are chemical changes? Select all that apply. • breaking glass • building a birdhouse • rusting bicycle • melting butter • spoiling food • mixing lemonade • mowing the lawn.

  7. Which of the following are physical changes? Select all that apply. • corroding metal • bleaching hair • fireworks exploding • squeezing oranges to make OJ • frying an egg • making salt water to gargle your sore throat.

  8. Which of the following are physical changes? Select all that apply. • corroding metal • bleaching hair • fireworks exploding • squeezing oranges to make OJ • frying an egg • making salt water to gargle your sore throat.

  9. Which properties below are extensive qualitative, physical properties? • yellow • hot • heavy • explosive • long • hard • very dense

  10. Which properties below are extensive qualitative, physical properties? • yellow • hot • heavy • explosive • long • hard • very dense

  11. Which properties below are intensive quantitative, physical properties? • 35ºC • 26.2 g • 3.7 cm • 2.5 g/ml • 85 miles/hour • 450 ml

  12. Which properties below are intensive quantitative, physical properties? • 35ºC • 26.2 g • 3.7 cm • 2.5 g/ml • 85 miles/hour • 450 ml

  13. Chapter 3 Matter matters.

  14. Water, it’s an amazing substance • Earth is the only place in the universe that we know of that has the right conditions for water to exist as solid, liquid, and gas in the same place at the same time.

  15. Select the statement(s) below that gives the best nanoscopic explanation as to why solids are rigid (hard). • the particles are very small. • the particles are stuck together. • the particles are touching each other. • the particles are aligned in a regular and repeating pattern. • the particles are polar, so they are “sticky”

  16. Select the statement(s) below that gives the best nanoscopic explanation as to why solids are rigid (hard). • the particles are very small. • the particles are stuck together. • the particles are touching each other. • Of course to be stuck, the particles would need to be touching, but it is not the act of touching that makes them rigid. • the particles are aligned in a regular and repeating pattern. • While choice #2 is the best response, it does make sense that for any substance to be regular and repeating, the particles would need to be stuck to one another, but not all solids are arranged in a repeating pattern. Yet in all solids, the particles must be stuck together. • the particles are polar, so they are “sticky”

  17. ( ( Explaining the Macroscopic by Describing the Nanoscopic (

  18. ( ( ( ( Explaining the Macroscopic by Describing the Nanoscopic (

  19. “Although the macroscopic world mostly looks continuous, underneath it is all particulate in nature - it’s just that the particles are very veryveryveryveryveryveryveryveryveryvery tiny.” • What macroscopic stuff is particulate or quantized in nature - made of “units” that we can see?

  20. “Although the macroscopic world mostly looks continuous, underneath it is all particulate in nature - it’s just that the particles or quanta are very veryveryveryveryveryveryveryveryveryvery tiny.” • What macroscopic stuff is quantized or particulate in nature - made of “units” that we can see. • pencils • humans • marbles • sand • rice • peas • rice • eggs • bagel & donuts

  21. Select the statement(s) below that gives the best nanoscopic explanation as to why liquids and solids are incompressible. • the particles are very small. • the particles are stuck together. • the particles are touching each other. • the particles are aligned in a regular and repeating pattern. • the particles are polar so they are “sticky”

  22. Select the statement(s) below that gives the best nanoscopic explanation as to why liquids and solids are incompressible. • the particles are very small. • the particles are stuck together. • the particles are touching each other. • the particles are aligned in a regular and repeating pattern. • the particles are polar so they are “sticky”

  23. Select the statement(s) below that gives the best nanoscopic explanation as to why liquids or gases are fluid. • most of the particles are very small. • most of the particles are NOT stuck together. • most of the particles are touching each other. • most of the particles are NOT aligned in a regular and repeating pattern. • the particles are polar, so they are “sticky”

  24. Select the statement(s) below that gives the best nanoscopic explanation as to why liquids or gases are fluid. • most of the particles are very small. • most of the particles are NOT stuck together. • most of the particles are touching each other. • most of the particles are NOT aligned in a regular and repeating pattern. • Again, while this is a true statement, but is not the reason that the liquid and gas are fluid. • the particles are polar, so they are “sticky”

  25. ☺ ☺ ☺ We are another allotrope of oxygen, O2 We are oxygen atoms ☺ ☺ ☺ ParticlesPure or Mixture? Elements or Compounds?Atoms or Molecules? We are an allotrope of the element oxygen, O3. Chapter 3 slide view

  26. In the following slides, the boxes represent containers with “stuff” in them.Atoms are represented by circles.Different colored circles will represent different elements.

  27. The boxes below represent containers with “stuff” in them. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 • Which box(es) contain a pure substance ? • Enter 0 for none of the above

  28. ANSWER: The boxes below represent containers with “stuff” in them. 1 2 3 4 56 7 • Which box(es) contain a pure substance? • Enter 0 for none of the above

  29. ☺ ☺ ☺ We are another allotrope of oxygen, O2 We are an allotrope of the element oxygen, O3. We are oxygen atoms ☺ ☺ ☺ AllotropesDifferent forms of the same element, caused by a different arrangement of the atoms of that element.

  30. Allotrope - Different form of the same element Diamonds and Graphite Oxygen gas, O2 and Ozone, O3

  31. Allotropes of carbon Buckminsterfullerene aka Buckyballs Graphite Diamonds

  32. The boxes below represent containers with “stuff” in them. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Which box(es) contain a mixture?

  33. ANSWER: The boxes below represent containers with “stuff” in them.1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Which box(es) contain a mixture?

  34. The boxes below represent containers with “stuff” in them. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Which box(es) contain(s) a compound?

  35. ANSWER: The boxes below represent containers with “stuff” in them. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Which box(es) contain(s) a compound?

  36. The boxes below represent containers with “stuff” in them. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 In which box(es) are the particles only molecules?

  37. ANSWER: The boxes below represent containers with “stuff” in them. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 In which box(es) are the particles only molecules?

  38. The boxes below represent containers with “stuff” in them. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Which box(es) contain only a single element?

  39. ANSWER: The boxes below represent containers with “stuff” in them. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Which box(es) contain only a single element?

  40. The boxes below represent containers with “stuff” in them. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Which box(es) contain(s) a mixture whose particles are atoms and molecules?

  41. ANSWER: The boxes below represent containers with “stuff” in them. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 • Which box(es) contain(s) a mixture whose particles are atoms and molecules. • Enter 0 for none of the above

  42. How are you feeling about the use of the terms: pure substance - mixture molecules - atoms elements - compounds • I think I can use all of these terms correctly most of the time. • I think I can use these terms correctly with a little more practice tonight. • I am feeling unsure about them, but I will work on them tonight, then ask for help tomorrow if I am still not clear. • I am feeling fuzzy about them, but have no intentions of trying to figure it out.

  43. The boxes below represent containers with “stuff” in them. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 a)b)c) Label each box with only one label of the a) words and one OR two labels of the b) words and one OR two labels of the c) words • pure substance or mixture • element and/or compound • atoms and/or molecules

  44. The boxes below represent containers with “stuff” in them. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 a) mx mx mx mx p p mxb) e e e e & c e c e & cc) a m m a & m a m m Label each box with three labels: • pure substance or mixture • element and/or compound • atoms and/or molecules

  45. Classification of Matter different

  46. Classifying MixturesHomogeneous (solutions) or Heterogeneous? 1 2 3 4 5 Which box(es) contain a heterogeneous mixture? Enter 0 for none of the above

  47. Classifying MixturesHomogeneous (solutions) or Heterogeneous? 1 2 34 5 • Which box(es) contain a heterogeneous mixture? • Enter 0 for none of the above ~ Heterogeneous mixtures have different properties in different regions of the mixture

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