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IBERIANS IN AMERICA. 1488: Bartolemon Diaz rounded the southern cone of Africa 1492: Columbus’ first voyage 1498: Vasco da Gama arrives in India 1519-1522 Magellan circumnavigates the earth. 1492 : Columbus 1494 The Treaty of Tordesillas 1519-1521 Cortes' conquest of Mexico
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1488: Bartolemon Diaz rounded the southern cone of Africa 1492: Columbus’ first voyage 1498: Vasco da Gama arrives in India 1519-1522 Magellan circumnavigates the earth
1492: Columbus 1494 The Treaty of Tordesillas 1519-1521 Cortes' conquest of Mexico 1530-1533: Pizarro--Peru (Inca) 1564 Philippines occ'ed by Spain 1580-1640: Spain and Portugal under unified rule—Not a thorough integration
Cortes Moctezuma
Why the Iberians ? • Gold and silver mines • Impact on population • Impact of silver on world economy • Plantations • Sugar • New World and the Old
GREAT DYING (Population in million)
Plantations • Forced labor • Depends on continued import of slaves • Large scale factory-like organization • Owner has complete control • Specialized production for distant markets • Political control from overseas
Economic impacts • New commodities • Profits from trade • Shipping technology • New sources of bullion • Inflation • Creation of a global network
New World Corn, potato tomato, peppers, chocolate, vanilla, tobacco, beans, pumpkin, avocado, peanuts, pecan, cashew, pineapple, sunflower Old World Horses, cattle, pigs, sheep, chickens, honeybee, wheat, rice, barley, oats, soy, sugar cane, onion, lettuce, citrus, banana, olive, tulips Columbian Exchange