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Priorities, experiences and the role of community-led responses in responding to stigma in Asia

Priorities, experiences and the role of community-led responses in responding to stigma in Asia. Satellite on Stigma Research and Prevention 2.0: Stepping Up the Pace for Evidence-Based Stigma-Reduction Interventions for HIV Prevention, Treatment, and Care

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Priorities, experiences and the role of community-led responses in responding to stigma in Asia

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  1. Priorities, experiences and the role of community-led responses in responding to stigma in Asia Satellite on Stigma Research and Prevention 2.0: Stepping Up the Pace for Evidence-Based Stigma-Reduction Interventions for HIV Prevention, Treatment, and Care Organized by RTI International, NIMH & JHSPH @ AIDS 2014 Melbourne, 23 July 2014

  2. Sources of stigma • Punitive laws that criminalize same-sex sexual activity and/or cross-dressing • Cultural & religious values • (1) & (2) are often interlinked in practice

  3. Current conditions (1) • Sex between men remain illegal in: • 10 South & Southeast Asian countries • Police abuses against MSM & transgender persons still occurring, on these grounds: • legal situation • cultural & religious background • corruption • Discriminatory practices in many aspects

  4. Current conditions (2) • Heteronormativity & homophobia in cultural values => pressure to marry heterosexually & form family • Swing to conservative, intolerant views in cultural & religious discursive practice • Gender-based violence

  5. Change & Progress (1) • Reading down of Sec. 377 of Indian Penal Code  precedent for other countries? • however, revoked by Supreme Court • e.g. challenge of Singapore’s version • Cities in the Philippines introducing laws prohibiting discrimination on the basis of SOGI  local attempts • Same age of consent for homo- and heterosexual sex in Cambodia

  6. Change & Progress (2) • Civil partnership bill in Thai Parliament • Recognition of same-sex relationships in Vietnam • Same-sex marriage bill in Nepal & Taiwan

  7. Change & Progress (3) • HIV & AIDS programs providing space • e.g. MSM program managers in pilot districts in Indonesia • stronger emphasis of human rights in HIV & AIDS programs • Media & education fostering more liberal attitudes

  8. What is to be done? (1) • International, regional, subregional • UN HR Council UPR • UN ICCPR & ICESCR Review • Yogyakarta Principles • APF • ASEAN SOGI Caucus • International NGOs: APCOM, APTN, IGLHRC, ILGA, HR Watch, Amnesty etc. • Being LGBT in Asia (UNDP, USAID…) • OIC?

  9. What is to be done? (2) • National & local • legal & policy reform: NHRI • human rights based approach • knowledge production  media & education • interface with culture & religion

  10. Select references Godwin, J. 2010. Legal Environments, Human Rights and HIV Responses Among Men Who Have Sex with Men and Transgender People in Asia and the Pacific: An Agenda for Action. Bangkok: UNDP Asia-Pacific Regional Centre. -------. 2013. “From Punishment to Empowerment: Sexuality and Gender Identity Laws in Asia and the Pacific,” HIV Australia 11: 4 (Special ICAAP11 ed.), p. 8. Oetomo, D. 2013. “New Kids on the Block: Human Rights, Sexual Orientation, and Gender Identity in Southeast Asia,” Asian-Pacific Law & Policy Journal 14: 2, pp. 118-131. -------. 2013. “Reclaiming Our Past, Constructing Our Future: The Struggle for LGBTIQ Rights in Asia and the Pacific.” In A. Kambodji et al., HIV and Inclusive Community: Asian Theological and Biblical Perspectives (Chiang Mai: Christian Conference of Asia), pp.156-165.

  11. Thank you!ขอบคุณVinaka谢谢धन्यवाद Cám ơn Fa'afetai Terima Kasih 감사합니다 शुक्रीयाありがとうشکریہ

  12. DEDE OETOMO Chair dedeo@apcom.org +62811311743; 0470-241904 STAY CONNECTED APCOM.org APCOM.org @APCOM APCOM.org

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