Unit 12 Insurance 保险

1. Unit 12 Insurance保险

2. 目的：掌握如何向保险公司进行投保，以及一旦发生损失，如何进行索偿。目的：掌握如何向保险公司进行投保，以及一旦发生损失，如何进行索偿。

3. 12.1 Introduction（简介） 货物运输保险是指投保人（Insured）在货物装运前向保险人（Insurer）投保，即办理保险手续（Insurance Formalities）、选择保险险别（Coverage）、确定保险金额（Insurance Amount）、支付保险费（Premium）并领取保险单证（Insurance Documents）的过程。此后，如果投保货物在运输中遇险而发生损失，则承保人应负责对投保险别范围内的损失进行经济补偿。

4. 保险合同（Insurance Contract）常采用大保单（Insurance Policy）的形式，指保险合同的保险人同意接受风险而向投保人提供风险保障，在投保人支付一定的保费后，保险人同意在被保险货物受损时支付合同中规定的金额或比例。保费（Premium）是由被保险人支付的一笔钱，一般是货物金额的一定比例。对于FOB和CFR交易，由进口方对货物投保、办理投保手续并支付保险费用。对于CIF交易，习惯上由出口方按发票金额（Invoice Value）的110%投保一切险（All Risks），即100%是CIF发票总值，10%是合理的利润和其他费用。有时，进口方要求投保的金额会超过110%，此时，额外保险费应由进口方承担（For the buyer’s account）。

5. 一旦投保货物在运输中发生投保险别范围内的损失，须向保险公司或其代理人立即提出保险索赔（Insurance Claim）。为了落实货物的正常索赔，保险索赔时需要提交以下文件：保险单（Insurance Policy）或保险凭证（Insurance Certificate）、提单（Bill of Lading）、原始发票（Original Invoice）、检验报告（Survey Report）、船长声明书（Master’s Protest）和索赔报告书（Statement of Claim）等。

6. 中国人民保险公司（PICC） 制定的中国保险条款（China Insurance Clauses略称C.I.C.）中的海洋运输货物保险条款所包括的三个基本险别：平安险（Free from Particular Average，FPA）水渍险（With Particular Average，WPA） 和一切险（All Risks） 。 除以上三种基本险别外，还有附加险（Extraneous Risks），包括一般附加险、特殊附加险和特别附加险。常见的一般附加险有11种，分别为： Theft, Pilferage and Non-Delivery Risks（简称T.P.N.D.或TPND）偷窃、提货不着险 Fresh and/or Rain Water Damage Risks淡水雨淋险 Shortage Risk或Risk of Shortage短量险 Intermixture and Contamination Risks混杂、沾污险 Leakage Risk或Risk of leakage渗漏险 Clash and Breakage Risks碰损、破碎险

7. Hook Damage Risk钩损险 Rust Risk或Risk of Rust锈损险 Breakage of Packing Risk包装破裂险 Sweating and Heating Risks受潮受热险 Taint of Odor Risks串味险 常见的特殊附加险有2种，分别为： War Risk战争险 Strikes Risk罢工险 常见的特别附加险有6种，分别为： Failure to Delivery Risk交货不到险 Import Duty Risk进口关税险 On Deck Risk舱面险 Rejection Risk拒收险 Aflatoxin Risk黄曲霉素险 Fire Risk Extension Clause for Storage of Cargo at Destination Hong Kong, including Kowloon or Macao出口到港、澳地区（包括九龙）的货物存仓火险

8. 12.2 Writing Skills（写作技巧） 进口方写给出口方请其代办保险信函的写作步骤及常见表达方式：

11. 出口方回复进口方请其代办保险信函的写作步骤及常见表达式：出口方回复进口方请其代办保险信函的写作步骤及常见表达式：

13. 投保人写给保险公司信函的写作步骤及常见表达式：投保人写给保险公司信函的写作步骤及常见表达式：

15. 保险公司回复投保人信函的写作步骤及常见表达式：保险公司回复投保人信函的写作步骤及常见表达式：

18. 12.3 Specimen Letters（样函） Letter 1：The importer asks the exporter to cover insurance Dear Sirs, Re: Our Order No.101. Your S/C No.013 Covering 500 Cases Electronic Toys We wish to refer you to our Order No.101 for 500 cases electronic toys, from which you will see that this order was placed on CFR basis. As we now desire to have the consignment insured at your end, we shall be much pleased if you will kindly arrange to insure the goods on our behalf against All Risks at invoice value plus 10%, that is, USD2 200.00.

19. We shall of course refund the premium to you upon receipt of your debit note or, if you like, you may draw on us at sight for the amount required. We sincerely hope that our request will meet with your approval. Yours truly,

20. Letter 2：A reply to the above Dear Sir/ Madam, Re: Your Order No.101 for 500 Cases Electronic Toys This is to acknowledge receipt of your letter dated July 20, requesting us to effect insurance on the captioned shipment for your account. We are pleased to inform you that we have covered the above shipment with the People’s Insurance Company of China against All Risks for USD2 200.00. The policy is being prepared accordingly and will be forwarded to you by next Tuesday together with our debit note for the premium. Yours sincerely,

21. Letter 3：The requirement to increase the rate of insurance Dear Sirs, We refer to the 4 000 cases of iron nails under Sales Contract No.214 and are pleased to inform you that we have established with the Bank of China, New York Branch the confirmed, irrevocable L/C No.231 in the amount of USD6 813, valid up to May 15th. Please see to it that the above-mentioned goods are to be shipped before May 15th and the insurance is covered for 130% of the invoice value against All Risks. As we understand that as per your customary practice, you only insure the shipment for 10% above the invoice value, and the extra premium for additional coverage shall be for our account.

22. Please arrange insurance according to our request and meanwhile we are expecting your shipping advice. Yours faithfully,

23. Letter 4：A reply to the above Dear Sirs, We have received your letter of January 23, asking us to insure the captioned goods for an amount of 130% above the invoice value. Although it is our usual practice to take out insurance for the invoice value plus 10%, we are prepared to comply with your request for getting cover for 130% of the invoice value. But the extra premium will be for your account. Please take note of the above. Yours faithfully,

24. Letter 4：A reply to the above Dear Sirs, We have received your letter of January 23, asking us to insure the captioned goods for an amount of 130% above the invoice value. Although it is our usual practice to take out insurance for the invoice value plus 10%, we are prepared to comply with your request for getting cover for 130% of the invoice value. But the extra premium will be for your account. Please take note of the above. Yours faithfully,

25. Letter 5：Application for insurance Dear Sirs, Knowing that your company is the largest insurance company in China with branches and sub-branches throughout the country and survey and claim settling agents in major ports of the world. We, China Arts and Crafts Import and Export Corporation, wish to insure with your company a shipment of Chinese porcelain valued at USD780 000 on board the vessel Hongyuan against all risks, bound from Shanghai to Genoa sailing on 20th March. We shall appreciate it if the goods could be insured at favorable rate. Yours truly,

26. Letter 6：A reply to the above Dear Sirs, We have acknowledged receipt of your letter of 20th and are pleased to note your readiness to insure with us a shipment of Chinese porcelain from Shanghai to Genoa by sea. The prevailing rate for the proposed shipment against All Risks including War Risks is 0.5%, subject to our own Ocean Marine Cargo Clauses and Ocean Marine War Risks Clauses. Copies thereof are enclosed herewith for your reference. If you find our rate acceptable, please let us know, preferably, by cable, the details of your shipment so that we may issue our policy accordingly. Yours truly,

27. Letter 7：Asking for the information about special rate of insurance Dear Sirs, We write this letter to you in the hope of getting some information about the special rate of insurance. Regularly we arrange consignment of chinaware to Sydney, Australia by both passenger and cargo liners of the International Shipping Line. Would you please tell us whether you can cover All Risks for the consignments and, if so, on what terms? Particularly, we wish to know whether you can issue a special rate for the promise of regular monthly shipments. We are awaiting your early reply. Yours faithfully,

28. Letter 8：A reply to the above opening rate Dear Sirs, We are pleased to receive your letter of June 25 in regard to insurance. In reply, we would like to inform you of the following. (1) All Risks. Generally we cover insurance WPA and War Risks in the absence of definite instructions from our clients. If you desire to cover All Risks, we can provide such coverage at a slightly higher premium. (2) Breakage. Breakage is a special risk, for which an extra premium will have to be charged. The present rate is about 5%. Claims are payable only for that part of the loss which is more than 5%.

29. (3) Value to be insured. We note that you wish us to insure shipments to you for 10% above the invoice value, which is having our due attention. We trust the information will serve your purpose and await your further news. Yours truly,

30. 12.4 Focal Words（焦点词汇） assure v. 向……保证，使确定，使……确信，给……保险 assure sb. of sth. We assure you of the reliability of the information. We assure you of the best quality and moderate prices of our goods. assure sb. that We assure you that we shall do our best to expedite shipment. be assured of sth. Please be assured of our continued cooperation.

31. be assured that You may be assured that we will contact you as soon as our fresh supply comes in. assure…with ...给……保险 He assured his life with that company. assurance n. 把握，信念，保证 They have signed the contract, without any assurance of getting payment. We obtained an assurance from our regular customers that they would demand a large supply of our products. assured adj. 感到放心的

32. attach vt. 附加，随附上，认为……有（重要性） There is no need to attach any new stipulation to the contract. We attach a catalogue of our commodities for your consideration. They attach great importance to packing. attachment n. 附件，查封，扣押

33. effect v. 实施，实行，实现 Please effect the following insurance against WPA. We shall effect shipment without delay. Payment is to be effected by irrevocable L/C. n. 实施，生效，结果，效果，财物 The new tax regulations were brought into effect last week. This situation has adverse effects upon us. The whole company is her personal effects.

34. in effect实际上，实质上，有效的 The committee agreed to a reduction in the hourly wage in effect. The old system of taxation will remain in effect until next May. take effect开始生效 The agency agreement will take effect from July 1. with effect from 自……生效，自……实行 Price is increased 5% with effect from January. effective adj. 有效的，生效的 The agreement becomes effective from the 15th of May.

35. insure v. 投保，保险 Please insure against Shortage Risk. Please insure the goods against All Risks and War Risk. Every company insures itself against loss or damage to its property. insurance n. 保险 I would like to have the insurance of the goods covered at 110% of the invoice value. 在表示“投保”、“办理保险”时，常与insurance搭配的动词或动词词组有：to arrange /cover /effect /provide / take out insurance

36. insurance on＋所投保的货物 insurance on the 100 tons of wool insurance against＋投保的险别 insurance against FPA insurance with＋所投保的保险公司 insurance with the People’s Insurance Company of China insurance for＋投保金额 insurance for 110% of the invoice value insurance at＋保险费或保险费率 insurance at the rate of 5%

37. insurance company保险公司 insurance agents保险代理人 insurance certificate保险凭证 insurance coverage保险范围 insurance amount保险金额 insurer保险公司，保险人，保险业者，同于underwriter保险公司

38. refer v. 谈到，参照，提交，接洽 We refer to our letter of March 8th. We refer you to our letter of June 8th. Your enquiry for bicycles has been referred to our sister corporation for attention. We have referred them to you for their requirements. reference n. 参阅，关于，参考，证人 Please make reference to our cable of June 4th. With reference to your letter of May 4th, we will take the matter into serious consideration. for your reference供……参考 For your reference, we enclose a copy of our latest catalogue.

39. All Risks 一切险 • FPA: Free from Particular Average平安险 • WPA: With Particular Average水渍险 • WA: With Average • Extraneous Risks 附加险 • General Excessive Insurance 一般附加险 • Special Excessive Insurance 特殊附加险 • 特别附加险

40. TPND: Theft, Pilferage and Non-Delivery Risks • 偷窃、提货不着险 • Fresh and/or Rain Water Damage Risks • 淡水雨淋险 • Shortage Risk或Risk of Shortage 短量险 • Intermixture and Contamination Risks • 混杂、玷污险 • Leakage Risk 或 Risk of Leakage 渗漏险 • Clash and Breakage Risks 碰损、破碎险 • Hook Damage risk 钩损险

41. Rust Risk 或 Risk of Rust 锈损险 • Breakage of Packing Risk 包装破裂险 • Sweating and Heating Risks 受潮受热险 • Taint of Odor Risks 串味险 • War Risks 战争险 • Strikes Risk 罢工险 • SRCC: Strikes, Riots and Civil Commotions • 罢工、暴动和民变险

42. Failure to Delivery Risk 交货不到险 • Import Duty Risk 进口关税险 • On Deck Risk 舱面险 • Rejection Risk 拒收险 • Aflatoxin Risk黄曲霉素险 • Free Risk Extension Clause for Storage of Cargo at Destination Hong Kong, including Kowloon or Macao 出口到港澳地区的货物存仓火险

43. insurance proceed 保险金（保险收入） • insurance arrangement 保险安排，保险计划 • insurance premium 保（险）费 • insurance applicant 投保人 • insurance policy 保险单 • insurance document 保险单据 • insurance conditions 保险条件 • insurance compensation(indemnity) 保险赔偿金 • insurance broker 保险经纪人

44. cover insurance on/against 为…投保 • insurance instruction 投保通知 • open policy 预约保单 • premium rate 保险费率 • valuedeclared 申报价格 • underwriter 保险人，承担人 • be borne by 由… 负担

45. ocean marine cargo insurance clause • 海洋运输货物保险条款 • risks covered 保险范围 • Particular Average(P.A.)单独海损 • General Average(G.A.)共同海损 • risk of normal loss自然损耗险

46. 12.5 Useful Sentences（实用语句） 1. We can arrange insurance on your behalf. 2. We shall take out insurance at this end under open policy. 3. We have covered the goods against All Risks and TPND. 4. We shall cover the shipment for 10% above the invoice value.

47. 5. Insurance is to be effected by the sellers for 110% of the invoice value against All Risks and War Risks as per the relevant Ocean Marine Cargo Clause of the People’s Insurance Company of China, dated January lst, 1981. 6. Please see to it that the above-mentioned goods should be shipped before the 15th May and the goods should be covered for 150% of invoice value against All Risks. We know that according to your usual practice, you insure the goods only for 10% above invoice value, therefore the extra premium will be for our account.

48. insurance coverage 保险范围 • insurance amount 保险金额 • cover insurance 投保 • invoice value 发票金额 • 仓至仓条款 warehouse-to-warehouse clauses(w/w clauses) • 中国人民保险公司 People’s Insurance Company of China(PICC) • 中国保险条款 China Insurance Clause

49. 1. perils of the sea A 全部/部分损失 • 2. extraneous risks B 救助费用 • 3. natural calamity C 实际/推定全损 • 4. fortuitous accidents D 保险商 • 5. total/partial losses E 自然灾害 • 6. particular/general average F 施救费用 • 7. actual/constructive total toss G 外来风险 • 8. salvage charge H 单独/共同海损 • 9. sue and labor expenses I 意外事故 • 10. underwriter J 海上风险

50. risk clients answer cover information insure await at charged cover ____ your letter of June 25 in ____ insurance, we would like to inform you of the following: Generally we cover insurance WPA & War Risk in the absence of definite instructions from our ____. If you desire to ___ All Risks, we can provide such coverage ____ a slightly higher premium. Breakage is a special ____, for which an extra premium will have to be ___. The present rate is about 5%. Claims are payable only for that part of the loss, that is over 5%. We note that you wish us to ___ shipment to you for 10% above invoice value, which is having our due attention. We trust the above ___ will serve your purpose and ___ your further news.