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The Effect of Inlet Tube Size on a Cone Shaped Flocculater

The Effect of Inlet Tube Size on a Cone Shaped Flocculater. Shubha Bhar Taylor Britton . Purpose and Goals. Purpose: To study the effects of influent tube size on the growth and stability of the sludge blanket in a cone flocculator. Goals: Build up sludge blanket

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The Effect of Inlet Tube Size on a Cone Shaped Flocculater

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  1. The Effect of Inlet Tube Size on a Cone Shaped Flocculater Shubha Bhar Taylor Britton

  2. Purpose and Goals Purpose: To study the effects of influent tube size on the growth and stability of the sludge blanket in a cone flocculator. Goals: • Build up sludge blanket • Take turbidity values above blanket • Conduct Dimensional Analysis • Determine ideal tube size

  3. Velocity, Momentum, & Shear • Velocity: too slow and the flocs settle, too fast and they all wash out • Momentum: causes the interface between the sludge blanket and the overlying water to be unstable • Shear: Breaks up floc

  4. Hypothesis We expected that the largest tube size will be most effective in producing the most stable sludge blanket for a given flow rate. Expected points of failure: velocity = 0.2 m/s shear = 0.1 Pa

  5. Set Up

  6. Flow Rates and Dosage

  7. Trials: Q = 100 mL/min • Trial 1: Pipe diameter = 0.635 cm (0.25 inch) Q = 100 mL/min • Trial 2: Pipe diameter = 0.953 cm (3/8 inch) Q = 100 mL/min No sludge blanket formed!

  8. Trials: Q = 200 mL/min • Trial 3: Pipe diameter = 0.953 cm (3/8 inch) Sludge Blanket: 27 cm • Trial 4: Pipe diameter = 0.635 cm (0.25 inch) Sludge Blanket failure • Trial 5: Pipe diameter = 0.953 cm (3/8 inch) Sludge Blanket: 15 cm • Trial 6: Trial 4: Pipe diameter = 0.635 cm (0.25 inch) Sludge Blanket failure

  9. Turbidity Measurements: Trial 4 Q = 200 mL/min, sludge blanket height = 27 cm, pipe diameter = 0.953 cm

  10. Turbidity: Trial 5 Q = 200 mL/min, sludge blanket height = 15 cm, pipe diameter = 0.635 cm

  11. Velocity Calculations Mass balance used to determine velocity out of pipe and upward velocity in tank through the sludge blanket.

  12. Shear

  13. Froude Number • Sludge Blanket Density = 1.00094 g/mL • Fr = 0.33 • Froude number proportional to (inertial force) / (gravitational force) • Froude number is generally used to characterize flow, • Fr numbers of less than 1 equal tranquil flow • Fr numbers = 1 indicate critical flow • Fr numbers greater than 1 indicate rapid flow.

  14. Reynolds Number Flow is non turbulent! Q = 200 mL/min Pipe Diameter = 0.635 cm Re = 56.6 Pipe Diameter = 0.953 cm Re = 40

  15. Conclusions • Our flow rates may have been too low • Success may have been influenced by alum spikes • Building sludge blankets can be unpredictable!

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