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Nuclear Scientists

Nuclear Scientists. ANS Nuclear Science Merit Badge Workshop. Who was it?. Born in South Dakota, 1901 Made vital contributions to atomic bomb Invented cyclotron that accelerated particles to high velocity without high voltage, used to make new elements Developed e/m ratio of electron

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Nuclear Scientists

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  1. Nuclear Scientists ANS Nuclear Science Merit Badge Workshop

  2. Who was it? • Born in South Dakota, 1901 • Made vital contributions to atomic bomb • Invented cyclotron that accelerated particles to high velocity without high voltage, used to make new elements • Developed e/m ratio of electron • Liked “Lawry’s” seasoned salt

  3. Ernest Lawrence • 1901-1958 • Invented cyclotron, 1929 • Accelerated particles to bombard with atoms • Made new elements • Made anti-matter to study • Won Nobel prize in physics, 1939

  4. Who was it? • Born in Copenhagen in 1885 • Researched structure of the atom • First to postulate that electrons travel around nucleus of atom • Predicted splitting of uranium atoms • Gave lectures, never “boring”

  5. Niels Bohr • 1885-1962 • Known for the Bohr model of the atom • Electrons travel around nucleus in restricted orbits • Won Nobel prize in physics in 1922

  6. Who was it? • Born in Württemberg, Germany, 1879 • Postulated light travels in individual photons, 1905 • Wrote special theory of relativity 1905 • Wrote general theory of relativity 1916 • E = mc2

  7. Albert Einstein • 1879-1955 • Postulated photons travel in discreet energy packets (individual photons) • Theories of special and general relativity • Nobel prize in physics, 1921

  8. Who was it? • Born 1852 in Paris • Discovered natural radiation in uranium in 1896 • Unit of radiation named after • 1 disintigration/second = 1 Bq • “Oh Henry!”

  9. Henri Becquerel • 1852-1908 • Known for his discovery of natural radiation in uranium • Shared Nobel Prize with the Curies in 1903

  10. Who was it? • Born in Rome, 1901 • Contributed to early theory of beta decay and neutrino • Demonstrated nuclear transformation with neutrons in elements • Led experiment that performed first controlled nuclear reaction • Very “fair to me”

  11. Enrico Fermi • 1901-1954 • Discovered neutrino and neutron activation • Work led to fission and controlled nuclear reaction • Nobel prize physics, 1938

  12. Who was it? • Born in Nelson, New Zealand, 1871 • Discovered alpha and beta particles in 1898 • Devised method of counting alpha particles with H Geiger • Investigations of alpha scattering in 1910 led to the discovery of the nucleus • Knighted in 1914

  13. Sir Ernest Rutherford • 1871-1937 • Discovered alpha and beta particles • Discovered nucleus in 1910 • Won Nobel prize in chemistry, 1908

  14. Who was it? • Born Frankfurt-on-Main, Germany, 1879 • Discovered radiothorium, radioactinum, and mesothorium • Developed methods of separating radioactive particles • Discovered fission by bombarding uranium and thorium with neutrons, 1938 with Strassman • Lets all give him a “hand”

  15. Otto Hahn • 1879-1968 • Discovered the process of fission by bombarding uranium with neutrons (including the chain reaction) • Won Nobel prize in chemistry in 1944

  16. Who was it? • Born in Warsaw, 1867 • Discovered radium and polonium and developed means to separate it • Refused to patent work for money • Developed unit of radioactivity • 1 Ci = 37,000,000,000 disintigrations/sec • There was no “cure” for her radiation

  17. Marie Curie • 1867-1934 • Known for her discovering and separating radium and polonium • Shared Nobel prize in physics, 1903 and full prize in chemistry, 1911 • (First to receive two prizes)

  18. Who was it? • Born in 1978 • Isolated protactinium with Otto Hahn in 1917 • Worked with Hahn on behavior of beta rays • Helped discover fission with Hahn and Strassman • “Meitnerium” named after her (elm 109)

  19. Lise Meitner • 1878-1968 • Spent much of career working with Otto Hahn • Helped discover fission with Hahn and Strassman • Discovered elements with Hahn

  20. Who was it? • Born in Lennep, Germany, 1845 • Worked on thermal conductivity of crystals • Discovered X-rays • Unit of radiation named after him for dose (R) • He had the “will” to do it

  21. William Röentgen • 1845-1923 • Discovered x-rays in a cathode tube experiment • Won Nobel prize in physics in 1901

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