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Dynamics of Cattle Ranching, in the Alto Acre River Region

Dynamics of Cattle Ranching, in the Alto Acre River Region. University of Florida Universidade Federal do Pará EMBRAPA Amazônia Oriental IAI III LBA Scientific Meeting Brasilia, July 27, 2004. Field Work. 3 weeks July/2000 7 Researchers 56 Interviews. Key-Informants.

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Dynamics of Cattle Ranching, in the Alto Acre River Region

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  1. Dynamics of Cattle Ranching, in the Alto Acre River Region University of Florida Universidade Federal do Pará EMBRAPA Amazônia Oriental IAI III LBA Scientific Meeting Brasilia, July 27, 2004

  2. Field Work • 3 weeks July/2000 • 7 Researchers • 56 Interviews

  3. Key-Informants • Extractivists 12 • Colonists 05 • Colonists (dairy) 08 • Ranchers 09 • Businessmen 06 • Researchers/Tech. staff 04 • Government officials. 05 • Leaders of Extractivist Org.. 04 • Leaders of Colonists Org. 02 • Leaders of Ranchers Org. 01 • Total56

  4. AdministrativeRegions

  5. Conservation Units

  6. Colonization Projects

  7. Labor family/hired Diversified Especialized > Technology < Technology > Technology < Technology B B/D B B/D B B/D B B/D Typification of Producers

  8. Typificationof Producers

  9. Critical Decision 1 – Why Cattle Ranching?

  10. Ranchers • Profitability • Low Risk • Capital Available • Land Prices

  11. Extractivists & Colonists • Income • Liquidity • Savings/insurance • Credit • Marketing chain • Transportation • Status and simbolic meaning

  12. Reserva Chico Mendes – Deforestation, 1986

  13. Reserva Chico Mendes – Deforestation, 1992

  14. Reserva Chico Mendes – Deforestation, 1998

  15. CriticalDecision 2 – Pasture Management

  16. Predominant System • Braquiarão(Brachiaria brizantha) -100% • Puerária (Pueraria phaseoloides) -30% • Low carrying capacity • No pasture rotation

  17. Available Technology • Soil fertilization • Pasture rotation (up to3,5 U.A./ha) • Breeding • Artificial insemination

  18. Barriers to Intensification • Technical assistance • Costs • Lack of tradition/management skills • Inadequatecredit policies

  19. Decision 3 - Deforestation D3 = f(D1*D2*P.P.)

  20. Critical Decision 3 • Rural Credit • Subsidies to rubber and Brazil nuts • Law enforcement

  21. Rural Credit • Colonists and extractivists (FNO-e,PROCERA, PRODEX): increase of cattle herds/pasturelands • Ranchers (FNO): restore degraded pastures, intensification

  22. Law Enforcement • Agreement between IBAMA and IMAC for granting def.permits • Prosecution of offenders among all categories • Community self-control mechanisms

  23. Conclusions • Ranching is attractive to all categories • Profitable disregarding subsidies and land speculation • Other advantages (liquidity, status...) • Deforestation still under control

  24. Recommendations (research) • Symbolic role of cattle, and conflicts among extractivists (generations) • Impact of Brazil nut and rubber subsidies • Comparative study of land tenure and land use systems: RESEX vs. PAE, madeira vs. pecuária

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