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Neurolathyrism

Neurolathyrism. Haileyesus Getahun South Gonder Health Department, Ethiopia. Neurolathyrism. Synonym lathyrism Neurolathyrism (NL) is a neurodegenerative disease that is caused by heavy consumption of grass pea, Lathyrus sativus. The Toxin.

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Neurolathyrism

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  1. Neurolathyrism Haileyesus Getahun South Gonder Health Department, Ethiopia

  2. Neurolathyrism • Synonym lathyrism • Neurolathyrism (NL) is a neurodegenerative disease that is caused by heavy consumption of grass pea, Lathyrus sativus.

  3. The Toxin The pulse contains the neurotoxin called -N-oxalyl-,-diaminopropionic acid (-ODAP).[Synonym -oxalylaminoalanine(BOAA)]

  4. Grasspea • Resist water shortage and water logging. • Improves soil fertility. • Needs no fertilizer. • Gives high yield.

  5. History of Neurolathyrism • Ancient disease. • Often occurs in epidemics. • Several epidemics occurred in most parts of the world.

  6. Prevalence • Varies from country to country. • Often occur in inaccessible areas. • Not many epidemiological studies.

  7. Mean Prevalence • Ethiopia 6 per 1000 • India 5.3 per 1000 • Bangladesh 1.4 per 1000.

  8. Recent epidemics • 1973 : China • 1976: Bangladesh • 1976: Ethiopia • 1998: Nepal (non published) • 1998: Afghanistan (non published) • 1997-99: Ethiopia

  9. Onset of the disease • Mostly 3-6 months. • Acute or chronic. • Dose dependent. • Critical level = 400gm/day.

  10. Risk factors • Heavy physical activity • Male gender • Young age (15-25 years) • Micro nutrient deficiency (Zn,Cu, Vit C, Vit A)

  11. Clinical features • Upper motor neuron disorder with symmetrical spastic paralysis. • Sensation and sphincters are spared.

  12. Stages of the disease • Stage I (No stick stage) • Stage II (One stick stage) • Stage III (Two sticks stage) • Stage IV (Crawler stage)

  13. Treatment • No definitive treatment. • The neuronal damages are permanent. • Symptomatic treatment with muscle relaxants help.

  14. Prevention • Home based detoxifying methods. • New seed lines. • Cultivation of alternate crops.

  15. Prevention Although cultivation of the grass pea is legally banned in India and Nepal, Neurolathyrism continued to manifest itself.

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