Residential and Commercial Plumbing

1. Residential and Commercial Plumbing Mr. Lemmons Ag Mechanics

2. Objective The student will be able to: • identify plumbing materials and perform basic plumbing procedures.

3. Competencies • Identify plumbing tools • Identify and select pipe • Identify common pipe fittings • Assemble pipe • Maintain water systems

4. Bench yoke vise Chain vise Chain wrench Pipe wrench Hacksaw File Pipe Cutter Reamer Tubing cutter Tap and Dies Flaring tool Flaring Block Channel Locks Tools

5. Identification • Pipe is defined as a hollow cylinder or tube used to conduct a liquid, gas, or finely divided solid . • Pipe fittings- pieces used to connect pipe to itself or other fixtures. • The nominal, or identifying size of pipe is generally based on the inside diameter. (ID) and outside diameter, (OD) Common sizes used for home or farm are ½, ¾, 1, 1 ¼, 1 ½, 2, 2 ½, 3, 4, 6 inch

6. Use in the Agriculture area • Pipe is widely used in irrigation systems for Agriculture as well as: • Animal housing • Sewage • Drinking water

7. Steel Pipe • Black or Galvanized • Black pipe is painted and has very little resistance to rust. **Used for Natural Gas** • Galvanized pipe is coated with zinc and has good resistance to rust. • **Used for water applications**

8. Classification • Standard- has a specific ID and OD • Extra Heavy and Double extra heavy - have heavier walls, although the OD remains the same the ID changes. • All standard fittings will work with the 3 different classifications of pipe

9. Copper Tubing • Pipe made of copper is frequently referred to as tubing. • This tubing is soft and can be bent around irregular shapes so that it can be installed easily. It is preferred to steel because it resist corrosion.

10. Disadvantages • High initial cost • High degree of expansion • Bad taste and green stains if the water is slightly acidic • Type K is the heaviest • Type L is medium • Type M is the lightest Classification

11. Joining Copper • Copper pipe may be joined in three ways. 1. Soldering 2. Flaring 3. Compression

12. Plastic Pipe • Plastic is the easiest type of pipe to install. • It is also one of the cheapest. • The term plastic is used to include all pipe made of synthetic materials. • If it is to be buried, it must meet guidelines for underground pipe.

13. Types of Plastic • PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride) • Used for cold water or waste water applications • CPVC (Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride) • Used for hot water applications • ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene) • used for underground applications • PE (polyethylene) • used for pump installation, underground, surface installations. Cold water applications only.

14. Joining Plastics • CPVC and PVC are joined by gluing with cement. • ABS can be joined by gluing or using a neoprene gasket. • PE must have hose barbs and band clamps

15. Cast Iron • Sewer installations • Available in sizes from 2 in to 6 in. • Single Hub or Double Hub • Oakum and lead • Neoprene gaskets Cast Iron Joining

16. Cast Iron Joining • Oakum and lead • Neoprene gaskets

17. Pipe Selection • Each kind of pipe has advantages and disadvantages. When making repairs it is generally easier to repair systems with the kind of pipe used in the original installation.

18. New Installations • When planning a new system, it is important to consider the relative merits of each kind of pipe.

19. Soldering Copper

20. Gluing Plastic

21. Drains

22. Sink Faucet

23. Tub Faucet

24. Valve

25. Pipe Fittings