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Alzheimer’s Disease International March 29, 2011

Cortisol & Cognition in Amnestic-Mild Cognitive Impairment. Kelly J. Murphy 1,2 , Angela K. Troyer 1 & Liisa A.M. Galea 3. 1 2 3. Alzheimer’s Disease International March 29, 2011.

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Alzheimer’s Disease International March 29, 2011

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  1. Cortisol & Cognition in Amnestic-Mild Cognitive Impairment Kelly J. Murphy1,2, Angela K. Troyer1 & Liisa A.M. Galea3 1 23 Alzheimer’s Disease International March 29, 2011

  2. Conflict of Interest DisclosureKelly Murphy, Ph.D.Angela Troyer, Ph.D.Liisa Galea, Ph.D. Has no real or apparent conflicts of interest to report.

  3. Triti Namiranian Angelina Polsinelli Nicole D’Souza Diana Smith Preeyam Parikha Acknowledgements Morris Goldenberg Medical Research Endowment

  4. Cortisol & Cognition • Inverted U shaped function between cortisol levels (a main stress hormone) and memory performance • Prolonged exposure to stress hormones results in decreased memory ability and hippocampal volume Google Image from nwlink.com For Review See: Lupien et al., Psychoneuroendocrinology 2005:30;225-242

  5. Cortisol Alzheimer’s Disease MCI • Elevated basal levels in moderate to severe level of disease • No clear relationship between memory performance and cortisol level • No difference in basal levels (increased awakening levels?) • Negative correlation between memory performance and cortisol level (inconsistent across tasks). • For update see: Gil-Bea et al., (2010) • J Alzheimer’s Disease 22;829-838 • Wolf et al., (2002) Psychoneuroendocrinology 27:777-789 • Souza-Talarico et al., (2010) • J Alzheimer’s Disease 19:839-848

  6. Study Questions • Is there a change in cortisol response to challenge in MCI? • Will sampling saliva on the same day as testing produce a more reliable association between cortisol and memory in MCI? • Will a stressor influence memory behaviour differently in MCI? We attempted to answer these questions by sampling salivary cortisol both basally and across two test sessions. On the second test session we exogenously manipulated cortisol level with the application of a psychosocial stressor.

  7. Participant Group Demographics Mean scores with standard deviations in parentheses; *group differences p < .05. aMCI classification based after Petersen (2004) Journal of Internal Medicine 256:183-194. ,

  8. Basal Cortisol Circadian Fluctuations(no group differences) NC MCI Error bars: 95% CI

  9. Memory Tests Episodic Memory Word List Learning Associative Memory Face-Name shoe violet table granite daisy boot chair stone rose slipper wood couch Spatial Working Memory

  10. Cortisol sampling during test sessions Session 2 • 10:10 a.m. • (Anticipation) 10:30 a.m. (Test) • 11:00 a.m. (30 min after challenge) • ~11:30 a.m. (~60 min later). Session 1 • 10:10 a.m. • ~11:45 a.m. Trier Social Stress Test (Kirshbaum et al., (1993) Neuropsychobiology 28:76-81) 1. Anticipation period 2. Test period Psychosocial challenge – Session 2 public speaking & mental arithmetic in front of an audience Google Image from inmagine.com Google Image from superstock.com

  11. Cortisol level is elevated in MCI under test conditions NC MCI test Error bars: 95% CI

  12. Challenge enhances episodic memory in controls and depresses it in MCI NC MCI Error bars: 95% CI

  13. Negative impact of challenge also indicated in MCI for associative memory NC MCI Error bars: 95% CI

  14. Summary of Findings Cortisol • No differences in basal cortisol level (including awakening) • MCI show greater increase in cortisol level from psychosocial stressor compared to controls Cognition • Memory behavior can benefit from the immediate effects of a challenge in controls, but not in MCI. Cortisol Level & Cognitive Performance Level • Inconsistent findings across tasks suggestive of an inverse relationship between memory performance and cortisol level in MCI.

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