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Jean Piaget. By: Erin, Shanice, Monika, Shannon, and Kyle. Biography. Born in 1896 From the French part of Switzerland Was interested in biology at a young age, and even published a number of papers before graduating High School Published first scientific paper at the age of ten. Father.
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Jean Piaget By: Erin, Shanice, Monika, Shannon, and Kyle
Biography • Born in 1896 • From the French part of Switzerland • Was interested in biology at a young age, and even published a number of papers before graduating High School • Published first scientific paper at the age of ten
Father • Arthur Piaget • Was a professor of medieval literature • At the university of Neuchatel
Mother • Rebecca Jackson • Energetic and outgoing • Influenced Jean’s interest in psychology
Childhood • Piaget had a part time job with the director of Nuechâtel’s Museum of Natural History • Much of Piaget's childhood was influenced by what he saw in his father, a man intensely dedicated to his studies and work.
Achievements • Top one hundred greatest thinkers • When he was eleven, his notes on a rare part-albino (having extremely pale or light skin) sparrow were published, the first of hundreds of articles and over fifty books.
Theory • Jean Piaget’s theory of cognitive development states that there are four distinct stages of mental representation that children pass through before having an adult level of intelligence.
Theory Video • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fcjPkPIwsog
Four stages • Sensorimotor period (years 0 to 2) • Preoperational period (years 2 to 6) • Concrete operational period (years 6 to 12) • Formal operational period (years 12 and up) 1 2 3 4
Sensorimotor period • Infants are born with a set of congenital reflexes that allow them to float in the heavily dense world • Their initial schemes are formed through differentiation of the congenital reflexes • this stage marks the development of essential spatial abilities and understanding of the world
Preoperational period • (Pre)Operatory Thought in Piagetian theory is any procedure for mentally acting on objects • During this stage the child learns to use and to represent objects by images and words, in other words they learn to use symbolic thinking.
Concrete operational period • Seriation—the ability to sort objects in an order according to size, shape, or any other characteristic. For example, if given different-shaded objects they may make a color gradient. • Transitivity- The ability to recognize logical relationships among elements in a serial order (for example, If A is taller than B, and B is taller than C, then A must be taller than C). • Classification—the ability to name and identify sets of objects according to appearance, size or other characteristic, including the idea that one set of objects can include another • Decentering—where the child takes into account multiple aspects of a problem to solve it. For example, the child will no longer perceive an exceptionally wide but short cup to contain less than a normally-wide, taller cup.
Concrete operational period(continued) • Reversibility—the child understands that numbers or objects can be changed, then returned to their original state. For this reason, a child will be able to rapidly determine that if 4+4 equals 8, 8−4 will equal 4, the original quantity • Conservation—understanding that quantity, length or number of items is unrelated to the arrangement or appearance of the object or items. • Elimination of Egocentrism—the ability to view things from another's perspective (even if they think incorrectly). For instance, show a child a comic in which Jane puts a doll under a box, leaves the room, and then Melissa moves the doll to a drawer, and Jane comes back. A child in the concrete operations stage will say that Jane will still think it's under the box even though the child knows it is in the drawer.
Formal operational period • characterized by acquisition of the ability to think abstractly • reason logically and draw conclusions from the information available • as well as apply all these processes to hypothetical situations • young adult is able to understand such things as love, "shades of gray", logical proofs, and values.
Criticism • The biggest problem with Jean Piaget’s cognitive development theory is his research methods. • Jean researched using his own three children as well as a sample of children from well-educated parents with a wealthy background. • People find it hard to generalize his findings since his research only comes from a particular group of children.
Bibliography • http://webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/piaget.html • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Piaget • http://psychology.about.com/od/piagetstheory/p/piagetcriticism.htm • http://aneskaortega.files.wordpress.com/2007/04/piaget.jpg • http://www.notablebiographies.com/Pe-Pu/Piaget-Jean.html