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Introduction to Islam

Introduction to Islam. Desert and Town Life. Inhabited by Arab nomads called BEDOUINS Organized into clans Provided security and support Bedouin ideals included courage, loyalty to family, and warrior skills The city of Mecca was a center of trade Also important for religious pilgrims

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Introduction to Islam

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  1. Introduction to Islam

  2. Desert and Town Life • Inhabited by Arab nomads called BEDOUINS • Organized into clans • Provided security and support • Bedouin ideals included courage, loyalty to family, and warrior skills • The city of Mecca was a center of trade • Also important for religious pilgrims • The Ka’aba (a shrine with hundreds of idols to the tribal gods) was located in the city

  3. Muhammad, the Prophet • Born into a powerful Meccan family • Married to Khadijah, wealthy business woman • The angel Gabriel appeared to him and said he was a messenger of Allah • From then on, Muhammad began to preach the word of Allah

  4. Flight from Mecca • Muhammad began to gather followers • Muhammad and his followers migrated north to a city called Medina (originally named Yathrib) • This is called the Hijrah, which means “flight” • During this time, Islam gained many followers

  5. Return to Mecca • In 630 C.E. Muhammad and his followers returned to Mecca • They destroyed the polytheistic idols in the Ka’aba and called the people to prayer from the roof • Many Meccans then converted to Islam • After Muhammad’s death, Islam continued to spread

  6. Beliefs of Islam • Main teaching is that there is one God, called Allah • Islam does NOT have a central religious authority • Does have a religious scholar class (Ulama) • Holy text is called the Qur’an • Contains the revelations Gabriel gave to Muhammad • Written in Arabic • Follow Sunna, which is Muhammad’s example • Sunna and Qur’an assembled into body of law (Shari’a)

  7. The Five Pillars of Islam • Five duties that Muslims must complete PRAYER PILGRIMAGE FASTING FAI TH ALMS

  8. The Five Pillars There is one God, who is Allah FAI TH

  9. The Five Pillars Pray 5 times a day, facing Mecca PRAYER

  10. The Five Pillars They must fast during the month of Ramadan, from dawn until dusk FASTING

  11. The Five Pillars They must make a trip to Mecca, if healthy enough and have enough money to do so PILGRIMAGE

  12. The Five Pillars They must give money to the poor ALMS

  13. The Mosque • The mosque is the center of the Islamic community • While daily prayers can be performed anywhere, it is required to attend Friday prayers at the mosque • In most mosques men and women are separated • The minaret is the tower-like structure used to call Muslims to prayer

  14. The Mosque of the Prophet

  15. The Blue Mosque

  16. Minaret

  17. Call to Prayer

  18. Islam Quick Facts • Place of Worship: Mosque • Holy Day: Friday • Direct Worship – no clergy • Pork is forbidden (considered unclean) • Alcohol is not allowed • Men & women are segregated at Mosque • Jerusalem (Masjid Al Aqsa) is a sacred site • Largest Muslim populated country is Indonesia

  19. ISLAM Today Countries with more than 10% Muslim population Green=SunniRed=Shiite

  20. Foldable Instructions • You will be creating a foldable of the beliefs of Islam • You will be graded on neatness, content, and creativity • Fold your paper in almost in half (leaving an inch-wide section on the bottom) and cut five flaps • On each of the flaps you will write one of the five pillars and illustrate it • On the inside of the flap, include a description of the pillar • You will also title your foldable “The Five Pillars of Islam”

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