Poetry

1. Poetry Unit 3 Notes

2. Poetry Definition • Writing that formulates a concentrated imaginative awareness of experience in language chosen and arranged to create a specific emotional response through meaning, sound, and rhythm

3. Elements of Poetry • Understanding the basic elements of poetry will help you appreciate what you read and hear.

4. Alliteration The repetition of the same or similar sounds at the beginning of words. ￭ Peter piper picked a pack of pickled peppers.

5. Assonance/Consonance Assonance is the repetition or a pattern of similar sounds, especially vowel sounds. Assonance Example: He shopped for an hour to buy a flower in a large tower Consonance is the repetition of consonance sounds within words or at the end of words. Consonance Example: tick tock tick tock

6. Onomatopoeia Is the use of a word or phrase such as swoosh, gurgle, or clank, that imitates or suggests the sound of what it describes

7. Speaker The speaker is the voice that communicates with the reader of a poem. A poem’s speaker can be the voice of a person, an animal, or even a thing. Example: Lie back, daughter, let your head / be tipped back in the cup of my hand. (Who is the speaker in this stanza?)

8. Imagery Imagery is descriptive language used to represent objects, feelings, and thoughts. It often appeals to one of the five senses. (What are the five senses?)

9. Figures of Speech Metaphor Compares two or more different things by stating or implying that one thing is another Examples: Nancy is a hermit crab. Life is a road with many choices.

10. Figures of Speech A simile uses the word like or as to compare two seemingly unlike things. Example: Her hands were like sand paper, rough and gritty.

11. Figures of Speech Personification involves giving human characteristics to an animal, object, or idea. Example: The eye of heaven shone down on me, and I felt my heart beat heavy with guilt.

12. Lines and Stanzas • A line is a horizontal row of words, which may or may not form a complete sentence. • A stanza is a group of lines forming a unit. The stanzas in a poem are separated by a line of space.

13. Rhyme Rhyme is the repetition of the same stressed vowel sound and any succeeding sounds in two or more words. 1) Internal Rhyme occurs within lines of poetry. 2) End Rhyme occurs at the end of lines.

14. Rhyme 3) Rhyme Scheme is the pattern of the rhyme formed by the end rhyme, may be designated by assigning a different letter of the alphabet to each new rhyme. Example: The glory days were in her face, (a) The beauty of the night was in her eyes. (b) And over all her loveliness, the grace (a) Of Morning blushing in the early skies (b)

15. Rhythm and Meter Rhythm is the pattern of sound created by the arrangement of stressed and unstressed syllables in line. Rhythm can be regular or irregular. Meter is a regular pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables that sets the overall rhythm of certain poems.

16. Rhythm and Meter Example: if I / had loVed / you LEss / or plAYED / you Slyly I mIGHT/ have hELD/ you FOR / a SUM/ mer More, (from “Well, I Have Lost You; and I Lost You Fairly” by Edna St. Vincent Millay) The basic unit of measuring rhythm is the foot, which usually contains a stressed syllable and an unstressed syllable.

17. Type of Poetry A lyric poem is a short poem in which the speaker expresses intense personal thoughts and feelings. While a lyric poem might be about an object, a person, or event, the focus of the lyric poem is on an emotional experience of the speaker, which may or may not be the poet.

18. Assignment Go to: http://ettcweb.lr.k12.nj.us/forms/newpoem.htm Scroll down and click on the Bio-Poem. Fill in the blanks. When you are done with your Bio-Poem print 1 copy. After you print you may look at other instant poems on the website.