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Tuesday, Sept. 10: 17:20 – 19:10 Wednesday, Sept. 10: 17:20 – 19:10

Evening Classes (Chap. 1 and 2). Tuesday, Sept. 10: 17:20 – 19:10 Wednesday, Sept. 10: 17:20 – 19:10 Thursday, Sept. 10: 17:20 – 19:10 Building 6, Room 125 (For students of Dr. Al Ramadan). General Physics (PHYS101). Coordinate systems, vectors and scalars Lecture 05 (Chap. 3).

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Tuesday, Sept. 10: 17:20 – 19:10 Wednesday, Sept. 10: 17:20 – 19:10

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  1. Evening Classes (Chap. 1 and 2) Tuesday, Sept. 10: 17:20 – 19:10 Wednesday, Sept. 10: 17:20 – 19:10 Thursday, Sept. 10: 17:20 – 19:10 Building 6, Room 125 (For students of Dr. Al Ramadan)

  2. General Physics (PHYS101) Coordinate systems, vectors and scalars Lecture 05 (Chap. 3) www.cmt.ua.ac.be/golib/PHYS101

  3. 2 4 5 1 3 Coordinate Systems • Coordinate systems are used to describe the position of an object in space • Coordinate system (frame) consists of: • a fixed reference point called the origin • specific axes with scales and labels • instructions on how to label a point relative to the origin and the axes 0 x (cm)

  4. 2D Coordinate Systems • Cartesian (rectangular) • Polar (plane)

  5. y (cm) x (cm) Cartesian Coordinate Systems • x- and y- axes • points are labeled (x,y)

  6. Polar Coordinate Systems • the origin and the reference line • point is distance r from the origin in the direction of angle , from the reference line • points are labeled (r, )

  7. Coordinate conversions • from polar coordinate to Cartesian coordinate • from Cartesian coordinate to polar coordinate

  8. Trigonometric functions • Pythagorean Theorem • c2=a2+b2

  9. height=dist. tan =(tan 39.0o)(46.0 m)=37.3 m Trigonometric functions Example: how high is the building? Known: angle and one side Find: another side

  10. x Scalar and Vector Quantities • Scalar quantities are completely described by magnitude only (temperature, mass, time, length ...) • Vector quantities need both magnitude (size) and direction to completely describe them (force, displacement, velocity ...) • Represented by an arrow, the length of the arrow is proportional to the magnitude of the vector • Head of the arrow represents the direction

  11. Vector Notation • When handwritten, use an arrow: • When printed, will be in bold print: • A normal letter is used for its magnitude:

  12. Properties of Vectors • Two vectors are equal if they have the same magnitude and the same direction • Two vectors are negative if they have the same magnitude but are 180o apart (opposite direction) • The resultant vector is the sum of a given set of vectors

  13. y • Rotation is not allowed!!! x Properties of Vectors • Any vector can be moved parallel to itself without being affected

  14. Division and multiplication by a Scalar • The result of the multiplication and division is a vector • The magnitude of the vector is multiplied or divided by the scalar. • If the scalar is positive, the direction of the result vector if the same as of the original vector • If the scalar is negative, the direction of the result vector if the opposite as of the original vector

  15. Division and multiplication by a Scalar

  16. displacement distance Examples: Distance or Displacement? • Distance may be, but is not necessarily, the magnitude of the displacement. • Distance - scalar quantity. • Displacement - vector quantity.

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