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Potential Occurrences and Emergency Management of Foreign and Emerging Animal Diseases

Potential Occurrences and Emergency Management of Foreign and Emerging Animal Diseases. Floron C. Faries, Jr. DVM, MS Professor and Extension Program Leader for Veterinary Medicine Texas Cooperative Extension Texas A&M University System. US THREATENED BY POTENTIAL OCCURRENCES OF FEAD.

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Potential Occurrences and Emergency Management of Foreign and Emerging Animal Diseases

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  1. Potential Occurrences and Emergency Management of Foreign and Emerging Animal Diseases Floron C. Faries, Jr. DVM, MS Professor and Extension Program Leader for Veterinary Medicine Texas Cooperative Extension Texas A&M University System

  2. US THREATENED BY POTENTIAL OCCURRENCES OF FEAD • Foreign Animal Diseases • Not currently present in US • Accidental and intentional (bioterrorism) risks for entry • Emerging Animal Diseases • A new disease or a new form of an old endemic disease • Accidental and natural risks of emergence • Commerce, mutation, environmental reasons

  3. TYPES OF OCCURRENCES OF FEAD • Natural • Accidental • Intentional (Bioterrorist Act)

  4. DEVASTATING IMPACTS OF ANIMALDISEASE OUTBREAK • Economic impacts • Sociologic impacts • Emotional impacts • Political impacts

  5. Emergency Management • Preparedness for bioterrorism • Biological agents • Foot and mouth, anthrax, plague, tularemia • Livestock producers, county Extension agents and veterinarians • Increase sickness and death • Devastation

  6. First Line of Defense • Biosecurity • Livestock owners • Early detection and reporting

  7. BIOSECURITY MEASURES

  8. BRUSH DISINFECT BOOTS WASH HANDS WASH DISINFECT TRAILER WASH DISINFECT TIRES PREMISE AND ANIMAL PROTECTION

  9. WASH DISINFECT BORROWED EQUIPMENT • PROPER GARBAGE DISPOSAL • STRANGER ALERT

  10. LOCK GATES • INTERNATIONAL VISITOR • >48 HOURS WAIT • PURCHASED LIVESTOCK • >2 WEEKS ISOLATION, TESTS • ROUTINE OBSERVATIONS

  11. EARLY DETECTION • UNUSUAL SIGNS • RAPID REPORTING TO TAHC • 800-550-8242 • RAPID RESPONSE • PROMPT QUARANTINE • QUICK DIAGNOSIS

  12. Texas Animal Health Commission (TAHC) 1-800-550-8242 24 hours a day, 7 days a week

  13. DISEASE SURVEILLANCE • NATIONAL ANIMAL IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM (NAIS)

  14. Foot and Mouth Disease

  15. Foot and Mouth Disease • Highly contagious virus • Potential to spread rapidly • People not affected • Devastating • Emotionally • Economically • Sociologically • Politically

  16. Susceptible domestic and wild cloven-hoofed livestock • Cattle • Sheep • Goats • Domestic and feral swine • Deer • Llamas

  17. Transmission • Aerosol • wind • Mechanical • people, vehicles, animals • Biological • movement of infected animals • uncooked or undercooked meat products

  18. If an outbreak occurs – “Big and Bad” • Restrictions • Quarantines • Eradication • Slaughter of animals • Proper disposal

  19. FMD Outbreak in 2001 in Great Britian • Delayed response • >6 million head on 9,662 farms • Over $4 billion

  20. Increased risks for entry • Travelers • Meat products • Garbage • Bioterrorist

  21. Mad Cow Disease

  22. Mad Cow Disease • Not contagious • Reduced risks of entry and spread • USDA regulations • Feed bans • Slaughter bans • Import bans

  23. TEXAS STATE FEAD WORKING GROUP Group membership • Over 30 state agencies • Chair – Texas Animal Health Commission • Advisory group – animal industry stakeholders • Established by Governor April 5, 2001

  24. GROUP OBJECTIVES • Most efficient manner manage emerging threats of FEAD • Develop and implement Texas FEAD Response Plan

  25. TEXAS FEAD RESPONSE PLAN Assignment of responsibilities • State agency and industry FEAD-EM plans Activities • Surveillance • Education, training, public information • Simulative tabletop and functional exercises

  26. Texas Cooperative Extension • Ongoing educational efforts • Addresses FEAD Issues

  27. Mad Cow Disease-1995 • Bovine TB-1996 • Johne’s Disease-1997 • Anthrax-1998 • West Nile Virus-1999 • Foot and Mouth Disease-2001 • Chronic Wasting Disease-2002 • Exotic Newcastle Disease and Mad Cow Disease-2003 • Avian Influenza and Vesicular Stomatitis-2004 • Avian Influenza-2005 and Mad Cow Disease-2005 • Avian Influenza-2006

  28. Texas Foreign Animal Disease Working Group – TCE is a member! • TCE Emergency Management Plan • address issues through outreach education • proactive educational approach • activated by the Texas FEAD Response Plan in disease outbreaks

  29. National Center for Foreign Animal and Zoonotic Disease Defense USDHS established 2004 • Four partnering institutions • TAMUS • UC Davis • UTMB • USC

  30. Offer strengths in: • Research • Education • Outreach (training and communication)

  31. Priority Areas: • Prevention • Detection • Response • Recovery • Risk communication/education

  32. Keys to Preventing FEAD • Biosecurity • Early detection • Rapid reporting • Rapid response • Prompt quarantine • Education • Research • TCE, TAHC, DSHS, NCFAZDD and Animal Industries working together

  33. State Emergency Management State of Texas Emergency Management Plan Plant and Animal Emergencies – Annex O Foreign and Emerging Animal Diseases (FEAD) Response Plan - Appendix 3

  34. FIVE STATE FEAD COMMITTEES Assess mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery issues • Impact assessment committee • Security and containment committee • Environmental committee • Public information committee • Community impact committee

  35. Identified incident command system • Incident command post(s) • Incident commanders – TAHC and DPS

  36. First Assessment And Sampling Team (FAST) Joint Information Center (JIC)

  37. Texas Emergency Response Team (TERT) • To Support Field - Deployed ICP(s)

  38. Quarantine Animals • Several mile radius containment zone • Months to years • Depopulate animals • Surveillance of animals • Control or eradicate options

  39. Local Emergency Management Plan approved January 2004 local Emergency Coordinator (EMC) each county has to have plan ftp://ftp.tsdps.state.tx.us/dem/plans/dem_10.pdf be current do exercises Texas Local Emergency Management Plans

  40. Addresses issues: • Hurricanes • Tornadoes • Floods • Terrorist activities • Fires • Explosions • Transportation accidents

  41. Texas Animal Issues Committee (AIC) Plan • TAHC wrote during 2003-2004 • TAHC adopted in August 2004 • Governor’s Division of EmergencyManagement (GDEM) approved May 2005 • Appendix 4 to Annex N of Texas Local EM Plan • County AIC Plan is appendix to Texas Local EM Plan

  42. County AIC plan • appendix to local EM plan • addresses animal issues (livestock and pets) • determines what should be done before, during and after disaster • ftp://ftp.txdps/state.tx.us/dem/plans/n_appendix_4_0804.rtf • http://www.tahc.state.tx.us/emergency/Animal_Issues_Committee_Plan.pdf

  43. Committee members might include: • county Extension agents • veterinarians • veterinary technicians • agricultural science teachers • animal control officers

  44. Developing the Plan • Texas AIC plan is set of guidelines • Committee should advise local government authorities • Lay out possible animal disasters in area • natural • human-caused

  45. Possible natural animal disasters: • Disease outbreaks • Floods • Fires • Hurricanes • Tornadoes • Winter storms • Droughts

  46. Possible human-caused animal disasters: • Animal disease outbreaks (accidental) • Animal disease outbreaks (intentional, bioterrorism) • Traffic • Terrorism • Power outages • Explosions • Hazardous material spills

  47. In the case of animal disease disasters: • TAHC is lead agency (top down authority) • TAHC activates and directs Texas FEAD Response Plan • TAHC activates and directs County AIC Plan through Local EMC

  48. Available Resources • http://www.tahc.state.tx.us • http://www.aphis.usda.gov/vs • http://www.aphis.usda.gov/lpa/pubs/factsheets.html • http://www.aphis.usda.gov/vs-tx • http://www.fsis.usda.gov • http://www.tdh.state.tx.us/zoonosis • http://www.txdps.state.tx.us/dem • http://www.cdc.gov • http://www.animaldisasters.com • http://tcebookstore.tamu.org • http://av-library.tamu.edu • http://agnews.tamu.edu • http://www.agctr.lsu.edu/eden • http://fazd.tamu.edu • http://extensionvetmed.tamu.edu

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