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IPv6 at NCAR

IPv6 at NCAR. 7/10/2003 Westnet conference Boulder, Colorado. Overview of talk. What is IPv6? What’s wrong with IPv4? Features of IPv6 Problems with IPv6 IPv6 at the FRGP. What is IPv6?. IPv6 is the next generation of the Internet Protocol. It will eventually replace IPv4.

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IPv6 at NCAR

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  1. IPv6 at NCAR 7/10/2003 Westnet conference Boulder, Colorado

  2. Overview of talk • What is IPv6? • What’s wrong with IPv4? • Features of IPv6 • Problems with IPv6 • IPv6 at the FRGP

  3. What is IPv6? • IPv6 is the next generation of the Internet Protocol. • It will eventually replace IPv4. • IPv6 design started in 1993 • A standard was created in 1998. • IPv6 is used more in foreign countries than in America.

  4. What’s wrong with IPv4? • Address exhaustion • Routing tables getting too large • Security • Dynamic addresses are inconvenient • Mobile IP not well supported

  5. IPv4 Address Exhaustion • 4 billion addresses, but not really • CIDR helps, but not enough • NAT helps, but not enough • New smart devices will need network addresses • 75% of IPv4 space allocated to US, only 25% for the rest of the world.

  6. Routing Tables Too Big • 122,000 routes today, and growing • Consumes router memory and CPU • More routing changes

  7. Dynamic Addressing is Inconvenient • NAT is a band-aid • breaks some applications • debugging nightmare • DHCP helps • Static addresses are really nice

  8. Mobile IPv4 isn’t good • Hard to manage • Clunky roaming

  9. Features of IPv6 • 128-bit addresses • Hierarchical addressing • More efficient packet headers • Security • Auto configuration of end hosts • Anycast • Mobility • IPv6 co-exists with IPv4

  10. 128-bit addresses • Sample IPv4 address: 127.117.8.203 • Sample IPv6 address: 3FFE:0000:0000:0001:0200:F8FF:Fe75:50DF or 3FFE:0:0:1:200:F8FF:Fe75:50DF or 3FFE::1:200:F8FF:Fe75:50DF

  11. Security • IPv6 packet headers are more complex than IPv4 headers, so packet filtering is more complex • IPv6 itself is not inherently more secure than IPv4, but… • 56-bit DES is supported by all IPv6 stacks • New extended packet headers allow various encryption algorithms

  12. Autoconfiguration IPv6 stateless autoconfiguration: the router and the host create an IPv6 address and a default route IPv6 stateful autoconfiguration: uses DHCP like IPv4

  13. Anycast • IPv4 has unicast, broadcast, multicast • IPv6 has no broadcast (uses multicast) • But there’s the new anycast • Sends a packet to the nearest of a set of hosts • Like, “send this packet to the nearest router that has a connection to the Internet”

  14. Mobility • Mobile IPv4 exists in small deployments • IPv6 has extended headers and Anycasting, which make Mobile IP easier • Mobile IPv6 allows more efficient routing of packets to mobile nodes

  15. Problems with IPv6 • Chicken and egg - no killer app • Multihoming with IPv6: hierarchical addressing doesn’t map well to current ISP allocation of addresses • Addresses are huge, must do DNS to stay sane

  16. IPv6 at the FRGP • 3 of 12 FRGP members have native IPv6 • CU Boulder • Hosts an IPv6 web browser. See http://www.ipv6.colorado.edu/ • NCAR and NOAA considering weather data distribution using IPv6 multicast. • NOAA IPv6 justification at http://nwweb.nwn.noaa.gov/hpcc/nwg/fy03-funded/ce/NGI-CE-07.pdf

  17. Links • IPv6 information: • http://ipv6.internet2.edu • 90-minute talk about IPv6: • http://www.nanog.org/mtg-0306/doyle.html • Recent IPv6 news • http://www.hs247.com/

  18. Questions?

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