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Various Sectors of Development

Various Sectors of Development . Community . Economy . Education . Development . Social. Rural . Infrastructure . Industry. Agriculture. Economic Development. Changes in a country that involve increase in productivity Productivity is measured in various ways, e.g.:

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Various Sectors of Development

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  1. Various Sectors of Development Community Economy Education Development Social Rural Infrastructure Industry Agriculture

  2. Economic Development • Changes in a country that involve increase in productivity • Productivity is measured in various ways, e.g.: GNP - Gross National Product - Total cumulative production in a year that consists of incomes or revenues from the various sectors.

  3. Other economic indicators: • Income Per Capita • Economic Growth or % of GNP • Number of SMIs, large industries, or MNCs. • Economic development is always equated with quantitative increase of assets.

  4. Social Development • Changes in a population that involves improvement in Quality of Life. • Indicators: • Better education • % of population with tertiary education • Rate of literacy • Better health • Life expectancy • Infant Mortality Rate • Toddler Mortality Rate

  5. Social integration • Ethnic, religion, culture • Urban and rural areas • West and East Malaysia • Sound social development is important for economic stability.

  6. Infrastructural Development • Changes in physical amenities such as transportation system (highways), electricity and water supplies, and other public facilities such as buildings for commerce, administration, and public services. • Infrastructural development is positively related to changes in economic and social development.

  7. Industrial Development • Involves changes in the various types of industries such as manufacturing, electrical and electronic (EE), SMIs, high-technology industries, downstream industries and agro-based industries • Important for employment and for contribution to GNP. • For domestic and export.

  8. Agricultural Development • Involves changes in the production of agricultural commodities such palm-oil, paddy, livestock, forestry, fruits and vegetables. • Changes are accompanied by the use of agricultural technologies such as improved high-yielding varieties, fertilizers, pesticides, agricultural management and drainage system. • Agricultural production contributes to economic development.

  9. Rural Development • Comprises agricultural development and the development of the population in the rural areas. • Broader concept that also involves development in health, infrastructure and social.

  10. REFERENCE Look for relevant articles at COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT JOURNAL http://www.oxfordjournals.org/our_journals/cdj/about.html

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