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Stroboscopic Toys

Explore the fascinating history of animated toys, from the stroboscopic toys to the zoopraxiscope. Learn about the Thaumatrope, Phenakistoscope, Magic Lantern, Praxinoscope, and more!

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Stroboscopic Toys

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  1. Stroboscopic Toys COM 320, History of Film

  2. Peter Mark Roget’s essay on persistence of vision(1824, England)

  3. Thaumatrope(from the Greek “wonder turning”)Dr. John Paris (1825)-Spinning disk with complementary drawings on the two sides (e.g., horse + rider = horse with rider; bird + cage = bird in cage)

  4. Thaumatrope in action found at: (http://youtube.com/watch?v=dol1xOW_Qzk)

  5. Phenakistoscope(from the Greek “deceptive viewer”)Joseph Plateau (1832, Belgium)-Also determined 16fr./sec. to be optimal -Coincidentally, same as Simon Ritter von Stampfer’s Stroboscope (1832, Austria)

  6. Phenakistoscope(from the Greek “deceptive viewer”)Joseph Plateau (1832, Belgium)-Also determined 16fr./sec. to be optimal -Coincidentally, same as Simon Ritter von Stampfer’s Stroboscope (1832, Austria)

  7. Zoetrope(from the Greek “wheel of life”)William George Horner (1834, England)-A revolving drum with hand-drawn stills viewed through slits

  8. Magic Lantern-Appeared in early forms as early as late 1600’s-Popular in mid-1800’s, with moving pictures via “dissolving views”

  9. Magic Lantern-Appeared in early forms as early as late 1600’s-Popular in mid-1800’s, with moving pictures via “dissolving views”-Was an original type of “4D” experience, with live action, sound effects and music, and even pyrotechnics! View example from Jude (1996; D: Michael Winterbottom, with Kate Winslet)

  10. Magic Lantern Animations

  11. PraxinoscopeEmile Reynaud (1877, France)-Like a zoetrope, but with mirrors-Reynaud later developed a projecting version, and operated his own Theatre Optique from 1892 to 1900

  12. PraxinoscopeEmile Reynaud (1877, France)-Like a zoetrope, but with mirrors-Reynaud later developed a projecting version, and operated his own Theatre Optique from 1892 to 1900

  13. Praxinoscope Animations

  14. ZoopraxiscopeEadweard Muybridge (1879, U.S.)-An apparent combo of the phenakistoscope and the projected Magic Lantern-Was not the first such combo, but became prominent with Muybridge’s speaking tours

  15. -Zoopraxiscope disc -Zoopraxiscope Animation

  16. end

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