Realidades 2 Capítulo 5B Present Participles / Los Participios Presentes

1. Realidades 2 Capítulo 5B Present Participles / Los Participios Presentes Study guide / Worksheet / Powerpoint

2. What you are doing now, Spanish present participles, is a review. You studied this concept in Capítulo 3B, page 171. This concept Is revisited in this chapter, Capítulo 5B, page 277. Stem-changes are NOT given to you in testing/writing activities. Learn them as you go along. Put them into “verb families” as is done on this study guide.

3. Important points to keep in mind about Spanishpresent participles:

4. I. For regular verbs, drop… • AR of AR verbs and add ando hablar > hablando(speaking, talking) • ER of ER verbs and IR of IR verbs and add iendo • comer > comiendo (eating) • vivir > viviendo (living)

5. “IR” stem-changing verbs have a stem-change in the present participle. • They are… • e > i • repetir (i) > repitiendo (repeating) • divertirse (ie) > divirtiéndose (having fun, having a good • time) • o > u • morir (ue) > muriendo (dying) • dormir (ue) > durmiendo (sleeping)

6. III. Some verbs have irregular present participles and just have to be memorized.  reírse > riéndose (laughing) sonreír > sonriendo (smiling) ir > yendo (going)

7. IV. Verbs that use “y” in the third singular and the third plural of the preterite, and –aer verbs will end in yendo. Note the following: caer > cayó cayeron > cayendo (falling) destruir > destruyó destruyeron > destruyendo (destroying) traer > trayendo (bringing)

8. V. Add (reflexive, indirect, direct) object pronouns to the • end of present participles, AND use an accent!! See • divertirse and reírse on your notes used previously. • probarse (ue) > probándose (trying on) • aprenderlo > aprendiéndolo (learning it) • escribirle > escribiéndole (writing to him, to her, to you)

9. Escribe el participio presente del infinitivo en español y su equivalente en inglés. Sigue el modelo.

10. Regular Verbs / Los Verbos Regulares • modelo: escuchar (to listen) - escuchando > listening • AR verbs • 1. hablar (to speak) – • 2. esperar (to wait) – habl ar ando speaking esper ar ando waiting 3

11. 3. estudiar (to study) – 4. dar (to give) – 5. cepillarse (to brush) – estudi ar ando studying d ar ando giving cepill arse ándose brushing

12. ER verbs 6. correr (to run) – 7. hacer (to do, to make) – corr er iendo running hac er iendo doing, making

13. 8. ofrecer (to offer) – 9.escoger (to choose) – ofrec er iendo offering escog er iendo choosing

14. IR verbs 10. subir (to climb) – 11.ocurrir (to occur, to happen) – 12. escribirse (to write to each other) – sub ir iendo climbing ocurr ir iendo occurring, happening escrib irse iéndose writing to each other

15. Stem-changing verbs / Los verbos con • cambios ortográficos

16. AR stem-changing verbs Remember these verbs have NO stem-change. 13. contar (ue) (to count;to tell) – 14. recordar (ue) (to remember;to remind) – 15. cerrar (ie) (to close) – cont ar ando counting;telling record ar ando remembering;reminding cerr ar ando closing

17. 16. probarse (ue) (to try on) – prob arse ándose trying on 17. despertarse (ie) (to wake up) - - despert arse ándose waking up 2 18. empezar (ie) (to begin) - empez ar ando beginning

18. 19. comenzar (ie) (to begin) - 20. jugar (ue) (to play) - 21. almorzar (ue) (to have lunch) - comenz ar ando beginning jug ar ando playing almorz ar ando having lunch

19. ER stem-changing verbs Remember these verbs have NO stem-change. 22. entender (ie) (to understand) - 23 devolver (ue) (to return (an item)) - entend er iendo understanding devolv er iendo returning (an item)

20. IR stem-changing verbs Remember IR stem-changing verbs have a stem-change in the present participle!! e > i and o > u!! 24. dormir (ue) (to sleep) – 25. despedirse (i) (to say good-bye) - 26. decir (i) (to say, to tell) - dorm u ir iendo sleeping desped i irse iéndose saying good-bye dec i iendo saying, telling ir

21. Remember IR stem-changing verbs have a stem-change in the present participle!! e > i and o > u!! 27. divertirse (ie) (to have fun, to have a good time) - 28. mentir (ie) (to lie) - 29. morir (ue) (to die) - divert i irse iéndose having fun, having a good time ment i ir iendo lying mor u ir iendo dying

22. Remember IR stem-changing verbs have a stem-change in the present participle!! e > i and o > u!! 30. pedir (i) (to ask for, to request) - 31. repetir (i) (to repeat) - 32. seguir (i) (to follow;to continue) - ped i ir iendo asking for, requesting repet i ir iendo repeating segu i ir iendo following;continuing

23. Remember IR stem-changing verbs have a stem-change in the present participle!! e > i and o > u!! 33. servir (i) (to serve) - 34. venir (ie) (to come) - serv i ir iendo serving ven i ir iendo coming

24. Remember IR stem-changing verbs have a stem-change in the present participle!! e > i and o > u!! 35. vestir (i) (to dress) – 36. vestirse (i) (to get dressed) - vest i ir iendo dressing vest i irse iéndose getting dressed

25. III. Irregular present participles / Los participios presentes irregulares These just have to be memorized!!  37. reírse (to laugh) - riéndose laughing 38. sonreír (to smile) - 3 sonriendo smiling 39. ir (to go) – yendo going

26. IV. Present participles with “y”. Remember that verbs that use “y” in the third singular and the third plural of the preterite, and the infinitive ends in –aer will end in yendo. 40. caerse (to fall (down)) – Remember the 3rd singular and the 3rd plural of the preterite: se cayó se cayeron 41. creer (to believe) – Remember the 3rd singular and the 3rd plural of the preterite: creyó creyeron cayéndose falling down creyendo believing

27. Present participles with “y”. Remember that verbs that use “y” in the third singular and the third plural of the preterite, and the infinitive ends in –aer will end in yendo. 42. leer (to read) – Remember the 3rd singular and the 3rd plural of the preterite: leyó leyeron 43. destruir (to destroy) – Remember the 3rd singular and the 3rd plural of the preterite: destruyó destruyeron leyendo reading destruyendo destroying

28. Present participles with “y”. Remember that verbs that use “y” in the third singular and the third plural of the preterite, and the infinitive ends in –aer will end in yendo. • oír (to hear) – • Remember the 3rd singular and the 3rd plural of the preterite: • oyó oyeron • traer (to bring) - oyendo hearing Remember the verbs that end in –aer. trayendo bringing

29. Remember to learn what stem-change each verb has. The stem-changes are NOT given to you in testing and writing activities. It is expected that you will have learned them. It is much easier if you put them into “verb families” as is the case on this study guide.

30. Remember that Spanish present participles are often used with the verb ESTAR!!! 4 4

31. The present tense of ESTAR + present participle = the present progressive and indicates whatis happening when you make a comment. El profesor estáhablando ahora. The teacher istalking now.

32. The imperfect tense of ESTAR + present participle = the imperfect progressive and indicates what washappening at a point in the past. El profesor estabahablando. The teacher wastalking.

33. ¡El fin!