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Stroke: A Speaker’s Outline

Stroke: A Speaker’s Outline. Developed By: The American Stroke Association A Division of American Heart Association. What Is Stroke ?. A stroke occurs when blood flow to the brain is interrupted by a blocked or burst blood vessel. What Is the Impact of Stroke?.

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Stroke: A Speaker’s Outline

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  1. Stroke: A Speaker’s Outline Developed By: The American Stroke Association A Division ofAmerican Heart Association

  2. What Is Stroke ? A stroke occurs when blood flow to the brain is interrupted by a blocked or burst blood vessel.

  3. What Is the Impact of Stroke? • Stroke is the third leading cause of death in the United States • On average, someone suffers a stroke every 45 seconds • About 700,000 Americans suffer strokes each year • About every 3 minutes, someone dies of a stroke

  4. What Is the Impact of Stroke? (Continued) • Stroke is a leading cause of serious, long-term disability • About 4 million Americans are stroke survivors • Americans will pay about $51 billion in 2003 for stroke-related medical costs

  5. Rate of Strokes by Age, Sex and Race

  6. Stroke Age-Specific Death Rates

  7. What Are the Types of Stroke ? • Ischemic Stroke (Blockage) • Caused when there is a blockage in the blood vessels to the brain • Hemorrhagic Stroke (Bleeding) • Caused by burst or leaking blood vessels in the brain

  8. What Are the Causes of Ischemic Stroke ? • Begins with the development of fatty deposits lining the blood vessel wall • Thrombus: Development of blood clot at the fatty deposit • Embolus: Traveling particle too large to pass through a small vessel

  9. What Are the Causes of Hemorrhagic Stroke? • Occurs when a weakened blood vessel ruptures • Aneurysms: Ballooning of a weakened region of a blood vessel • Arteriovenous Malformations (AVMs): Cluster of abnormal blood vessels

  10. Age Sex Race Prior stroke Family history Stroke Risk Factors That Cannot Be Treated

  11. Stroke Risk FactorsThat Can Be Treated • Hypertension/High Blood Pressure • Heart Disease • Cigarette Smoking • Transient Ischemic Attacks

  12. Stroke Risk FactorsThat Can Be Treated (continued) • Diabetes • Elevated Blood Cholesterol/Lipids • Asymptomatic Carotid Bruits

  13. Stroke Risk Factors Less Well-Documented • Geographical Location • Socioeconomic Factors • Excessive Alcohol Intake • Certain Kinds of Drug Abuse

  14. Stroke Warning Signs • Sudden weakness or numbness of the face, arm or leg, especially on one side of the body • Sudden confusion, trouble speaking or understanding • Sudden trouble seeing in one or both eyes • Sudden trouble walking, dizziness, loss of balance or coordination • Sudden, severe headaches with no known cause (for hemorrhagic stroke)

  15. Transient Ischemic Attacks (TIAs) • TIAs are “warning strokes” that can happen before a major stroke • They occur when blood flow through a brain artery is blocked or reduced for a short time

  16. Transient Ischemic Attacks (TIAs) (Continued) • TIA symptoms are temporary but similar to those of a full-fledged stroke • A person who has a TIA is 9.5 times more likely to have a stroke

  17. What Parts of the Brain Are Affected by Stroke?

  18. What Are the Effects of Stroke? • Right Brain

  19. What Are the Effects of Stroke? • Left Brain

  20. How Are Strokes Treated? • Ischemic Stroke • Clot-busters e.g., t-PA • Anticoagulants – warfarin, aspirin • Carotid Endarterectomy • Angioplasty/Stents • Hemorrhagic Stroke • Surgical Intervention • Endovascular Procedures, e.g., “coils”

  21. Prevention of Stroke • Control high blood pressure • Prevent heart disease • Stop cigarette smoking

  22. Prevention of Stroke (Continued) • Recognize signs of TIA and tell physician about them • Reduce blood cholesterol levels

  23. Rehabilitation • After suffering a stroke, it is important to begin a rehabilitation program as soon as possible

  24. Types of Rehabilitation Programs • Hospital programs • Nursing facilities • Outpatient programs • Home-based programs

  25. Physician Rehabilitation nurse Physical therapist Speech therapist Rehabilitation Specialists

  26. Rehabilitation Specialists (Continued) • Occupational therapist • Physiatrist • Psychiatrist

  27. To Learn More About Stroke… CALL 1-888-4-STROKE (1-888-478-7653) Or visit us online at www.StrokeAssociation.org

  28. Are you a stroke survivor, caregiver, family member or healthcare provider who needs information about stroke?

  29. Subscribe to Stroke Connection Magazine Call 1-888-4-STROKE or visit StrokeAssociation.org for a FREE subscription.

  30. Learn to recognize a stroke.Time lost is brain lost. • Stroke is a medical emergency – call 9-1-1. • If you notice one or more of the warning signs for stroke, GET HELP IMMEDIATELY!

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