War in the South –look at the map on the page

1. War in the South –look at the map on the page Worksheet Answers • Monmouth, NJ • British hoped to get help from the many loyalists who were in the South • Savannah, Charleston (worst defeat for Americans), Camden • 5,000 soldiers surrendered • King’s Mountain, Cowpens, Guilford Courthouse • It seemed to be a success at first, but things turned badly PREDICT---What happens next???

2. Get out the worksheet that says American Revolution Frontier Fighting (looks like an outline sheet) at the top. Turn the paper over and check your answers for the section labeled The End of the War. • In August, Cornwallis (British general) setup his base at Yorktown, located on peninsula in order to get supplies by ship from NY. • This positioning of the British gave Washington the opportunity to trap the British on the peninsula • Washington joined forces with the French army led by General Rochambeau and headed south • As the armies came south , the French navy arrived from the West Indies and blocked the Chesapeake Bay. This prevented the British ships from reaching Yorktown with supplies and prevented the British from escaping. 5. Although the British tried to protect themselves by building redoubts or small forts, as the Americans captured the forts, they placed their artillery on the forts (closer to town/ better positioning • The Americans and the French bombarded Yorktown • Surrounded by the A & F, Cornwallis and his 8,000 men surrendered on Oct. 19, 1781 • Although fighting in the South and on the frontier would continue, Yorktown was the last major battle of the American Rev. • Britain's new leaders began to negotiated a treaty of peace. ** The American Revolution lasted 8 years (1775-1783) ** The Revolutionary War was a popular uprising in which civilians as well as the Continental Army were actively involved in the war effort.

3. Treaty of Paris 1783 • Battle of Yorktown—British surrender—October 1781 • British Prime Minister Lord North resigns and is replaced by leaders who favor negotiating a peace treaty • Peace talks began in PARIS in 1782 • Peace Representatives included: • John Adams, Ben Franklin, John Jay • Final treaty was signed on September 3, 1783 • Ratified on April 19, 1783---8 years after the war began • Americans negotiated a SEPARATE peace with England (France and Spain were excluded) • On Sept. 3, 1783---Spain and France made separate treaties at VERSAILLES

4. Terms of Peace Treaty • Peace Treaty had 6 items listed: • US was an INDEPENDENT nation • Boundaries of the US stretched from the Mississippi River on the west, Canada to the north, and Spanish Florida to the South • Us would receive fishing rights • Each side would repay debts it owed • Britain would return any enslaved persons they had captured • Congress would recommend that the states return any property they had seized from Loyalists

5. Treaty of Paris • 7. Americans did NOT repay the prewar debts they owed British merchants or return Loyalist property. • 8. The British did NOT return runaway slaves • 9. The Treaty of Paris led to boundary disputes with SPAIN, who now controlled both sides of the Mississippi River around the Gulf of Mexico. Many Americans felt that this was a threat to American shipping. • 10. The Southern border of the US now ended at FLORIDA which now belonged to SPAIN (see map on page 225). • 11. In the northwest, the British refused to give up MILITARY BASES IN THE GREAT LAKES REGION. • 12. The Treaty of Paris redrew land boundaries with little concern for NATIVE AMERICAN RIGHTS. Native Americans who lived EAST of the MISSISSIPPI RIVER were now living within the boundaries of the US and subject to US laws.

6. The American Revolution Effects Us Today • Makes us the USA today • Declaration of Independence • End of European colonization in US • Representative Government for “all people” • Remains an example to the world of the realization of the ideals of liberty and representative democracy • Fighting for your rights/ determination and hard work and you can achieve • Seal of the US—July 20, 1782 • E Pluribus Unum---Of many, One (out of many, one) • AnnuitCoeptis---He (God) favors our undertakings • Novus ordoseculorum---A new order of the ages OR A new age now begins

7. Costs of War • 240,000 men served, rarely more than 20,000 at one time • 25,700 Americans died in the war / 1,400 missing/ 8,200 wounded • Disease killed 2X’s as many men as in battle • British—10,000 died in battle

8. Problems • Many soldiers were not paid • Government gave some land certificates instead of money • Congress and the states borrowed money—left nation with a debt of $27 million/ estimated cost of the war $100 million • States had their own currency • Inflation • Needed to pay back foreign countries, states, individual citizens • Slaves • Civil War starts here (north v. south) • Loyalists • lost property, 60,000-100,000 left the US during the war, some went to Canada • Native Americans • Lost all land east to the Mississippi River • End Results • America emerges from the Revolution as a unified nation that valued the ideal of liberty and freedom

9. What now? • Who was the government during the war? • 2nd Continental Congress • Need to create a lasting government • While war was still going on wrote the Articles of Confederation • Is this the government we have today?

10. Test Format • 60 on a Scantron • Bring a #2 pencil • 1-15 Strengths and Weaknesses (see chart) • 16-25 Battles Matching (Middles battles chart/ War in South worksheet) • 26-43 People/ Groups Matching (skim through book and look at words in dark print) • 44-60 Multiple Choice • Short Answer questions • Treaty of Paris • Continental Army/ Roles of War • Valley Forge +/- • Saratoga and French Help • Yorktown • Benedict Arnold—traitor/ hero