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Bed Bugs in the Hospitality Industry and Multi-unit housing

Bed Bugs in the Hospitality Industry and Multi-unit housing. Gail M. Getty, M.S. University of California, Berkeley. PAST. Past. Problems were along coast line Moved inland They were eventually everywhere. Past. Public was constantly vigilant Less clutter in homes

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Bed Bugs in the Hospitality Industry and Multi-unit housing

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  1. Bed Bugs in the Hospitality Industry and Multi-unit housing Gail M. Getty, M.S. University of California, Berkeley

  2. PAST

  3. Past Problems were along coast line Moved inland They were eventually everywhere

  4. Past Public was constantly vigilant Less clutter in homes In 1940: Key to control was treatment thoroughness

  5. Past DDT introduced By 1950’s almost gone Bed Bugs showed resistance to DDT This is NOT the answer today

  6. TODAY

  7. Today • Problems were along coast line • Moved inland • Almost everywhere

  8. Today • People today are NOT vigilant • More clutter in homes • Key to control: thorough treatment

  9. Why Increase Globalization World Travel Changes in Pest Management Practices

  10. Today Hotels appear to be the hardest hit Multi-unit housing biggest increases To do it right: expensive Presence of ONE bug can shut down an institution

  11. Today • Anger and angst is high • Government bodies not concerned enough • Not a health problem?

  12. Today • People and pesticides • Don’t like to use them, but…. • Public misuse of pesticides • DEET won’t protect skin • Foggers will ONLY disperse problem • Internet sales

  13. Today • Inspections • Hard work • Gross • Time consuming • Invasive

  14. Today Multiple visits to manage problem Infestations are inevitable No one is immune

  15. Today • Chemical Resistance

  16. New York City Dept. of Health San Francisco Dept. of Health Australia 1 in 15 per CDC 2010/44% increase in 3 yrs 1999-2006 / 4,600% increase At Little History

  17. Why on the Rise? • Changes in Pest Management Practices • Target pest • Broadcast spraying • Training • Chemical resistance • Limited control choices • Self Treating • On line purchases, outdoor products indoors, application rates, spray on person/pets, botanicals • Everyone onboard

  18. Why on the Rise? • Local public health departments have limited resources • Municipal codes, tenants, landlords struggle to identify those responsible….BLAME • Delays treatment • Delays training

  19. Why on the Rise? Underground Economy • Rental/Secondhand items • Renovated Mattresses • Subletting • Fear of authorities

  20. Why on the Rise? • REQUIRES EVERYONE TO BE PROACTIVENOT REACTIVE

  21. HOW BIG ARE THEY

  22. Size of Insect

  23. Bed Bugs on a Penny and Screw Head

  24. What do they look like?

  25. What do they look like?Egg • Eggs “glued” to surfaces • Eggs hatch in 7-10 days on average Gary Alpert, Harvard University

  26. What about numbers?Eggs • Female lays 1-5 eggs/day • Female lays 200-500 in her lifetime • So…..if you start with 40 bed bugs how many would you have after 6 months?

  27. What they look likeNymphs • Young nymphs are nearly colorless • What’s a nymph? • Pre-adults or babies

  28. Male Female

  29. What about Feeding? • Adults - • 1 year with no blood meal • Nymphs – • 3 months without a blood meal • Leave dark fecal spots behind

  30. More Pictures

  31. More Pictures

  32. What about Feeding? • One bug often inflicts multiple bites • Will travel 20+ feet/night to feed • Will feed for 5-10min/spot

  33. Feeding

  34. Life Cycle - Feeding • Sometimes there is a cessation of bites following insecticide treatments. • We don’t know why • May be survival mechanism to avoid treated area • Makes determination of control efficacy difficult

  35. Life Cycle - Adult • Thin with no blood meal • Female can lay eggs from ~6-18 months • Egg to egg ~ 2 months • Bed bugs do two things only and do them well • Eat and make babies

  36. JUST PLAIN FUN BIOLOGY • Mating via traumatic insemination

  37. Clinical Presentations

  38. Diseases and Medical Aspects • Theoretically can act as a disease vector, but no evidence to date that there is transmission

  39. Diseases and Medical Aspects • Hepatitis B viral DNA can be detected in BB up to 6 weeks after feeding on infectious blood (no transmission found)

  40. Diseases and Medical Aspects • Live HIV can be recovered from BB after 1 hr after they feed on infected blood, no transmission evidence exists to date.

  41. Clinical Presentations • Allergies to salivary injections • Not all persons are allergic • Sleeping partners may find only one person shows signs of being bitten • Most people do not react while being bitten

  42. Clinical Presentations • Most commonly affected areas arms and shoulders • Reaction to bites may take up to 9 days before lesions appear • Itching and inflammation is common

  43. Clinical Presentations • Bites mistaken for other insects or rashes • Lesions can last for several days

  44. Clinical Presentations • Bullous eruptions have been reported in association with multiple bites and anaphylaxis may occur in patients with severe allergies • DO NOT DIAGNOSE

  45. Habits

  46. Where they live in your structure • BB cluster together in harborage sites • Extreme infestations lend to seeing BB easier • BB spend more than 90% of life in harborage areas • Leave harborage when driven by hunger

  47. Habits • BB loves cracks/crevices, rough material, unfinished wood, paper, cloth and dark areas • Do not like air movement and will move out of drafty locations • Not uncommon to find isolated, alone BB • They usually move via hitchhiking

  48. Habits • Sanitation has little to do with GETTING bed bugs • Sanitation and clutter have significant impact on how efficiently you can control and infestation

  49. Customer Anxiety • It’s real!! • Handle with care and empathy

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