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Immigrants 1880- 1912, PART I:

Immigrants 1880- 1912, PART I:. Why did they leave their native countries? Why did they move to the U.S.?. New Immigrants. Most immigrants came from West European countries, such as England, Ireland & Germany By 1900, 50% of immigrants were coming from Eastern & Southern Europe

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Immigrants 1880- 1912, PART I:

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  1. Immigrants 1880-1912, PART I: Why did they leave their native countries? Why did they move to the U.S.?

  2. New Immigrants • Most immigrants came from West European countries, such as England, Ireland & Germany • By 1900, 50% of immigrants were coming from Eastern & Southern Europe • After 1892-most were screened & processed at Ellis Island New York • Nearly all Chinese immigrants landed on the West Coast & were processed at Angel Island

  3. Industrial Revolution Immigration (1880-1920) set records that stood until1990

  4. Immigrants Traveling to the U.S. in Steerage • Usually endured crowded, unsanitary conditions • Were screened for illnesses that would prevent them admitted to the U.S. • Could only bring limited luggage

  5. To escape religious & political persecution To get jobs To avoid upheaval of war To escape starvation To escape diseases Why Did They Leave Home?

  6. Why Did They Come to the U.S.? Political and religious freedom Better economic opportunities Gold Rush Encouraging letters from relatives U.S. Government advertisements U.S. Business recruitment

  7. Where did they go? • Majority headed to industrialized cities-such as New York, Chicago, & Boston • Most settled in clusters by language, culture, & religion • Learning English freed them to move where they wanted

  8. What about California? • California Gold Rush attracted numerous Chinese immigrants • Many were escaping poverty, & famine • Chinese were key workers on railroads • 1910 Angel Island opens in CA--processing center akin to Ellis Island • 1882 Chinese Exclusion Act bans Chinese immigrants until 1943!

  9. Nativism:US. Citizens Fear Immgrants: Powerful, exotic religious beliefs and ceremonies Foreign languages, dress and customs Competition for housing & goods Political upset if immigrants become voting citizens Crime and debauchery in immigrant population Plentiful supply of cheap labor competing for jobs

  10. Bibliography of Immigrants PowerPoints, Part I & 11 “Cellar Tenement,” Women’s Municipal League Photo, 1914, No. 24-J58 Conwell, Col. Russell H. “Why the Chinese Emigrate, and the Means They Adopt for the Purpose of Getting to America.” Lee and Shepard, n. d . Frenzeny & Tavernia. “Emigrant Wagon—on the Way to the Railway Station” Harper’s Weekly, Oct. 25, 187?, p. 940. H. Harrah, S.C. “On Board an Emigrant Ship,” The Graphic. Dec 2, 1871. http://www.migrationinformation.org/datahub/charts/immigration18202007mils.jpg http://lcweb2.loc.gov/service/pnp/ppmsca/05600/05660r.jpg http://loc.gov/pictures/resource/cph.3b http://www.angelfire.com/ns/immigration/ http://www.migrationinformation.org/datahub/charts/immigration18202007mils.jpg “The Result of the Immigration from China,” New York, T. W. Strong, n. d. Riis, Jacob A. How the Other Half Lives; Studies Among the Tenements of New York; With Illustrations Chiefly From Photographs Taken by the Author. Sandler, Martin J. Immigrants: A Library of Congress Book. New York, HarperCollins Publisher, 1995.Yankee Notions, Vol. VIII, #3, p. 65

  11. Bibliography for Parts I & II “Cellar Tenement,” Women’s Municipal League Photo, 1914, No. 24-J58 Conwell, Col. Russell H. “Why the Chinese Emigrate, and the Means They Adopt for the Purpose of Getting to America.” Lee and Shepard, n. d . Frenzeny & Tavernia. “Emigrant Wagon—on the Way to the Railway Station” Harper’s Weekly, Oct. 25, 187?, p. 940. H. Harrah, S.C. “On Board an Emigrant Ship,” The Graphic. Dec 2, 1871. http://blsciblogs.baruch.cuny.edu/his1005fall2010/tag/immigrants/ http://lcweb2.loc.gov/service/pnp/ppmsca/05600/05660r.jpg http://loc.gov/pictures/resource/cph.3b http://martialhistory.com/wpcontent/uploads/2007/06/1869_anti_chinese.jpg&imgrefurl=http://martialhistory.com/2007/06/chinese-american-boxers-before-1900 http://www.migrationinformation.org/datahub/charts/immigration18202007mils.jpg http://www.oregonlive.com/O/index.ssf/2009/02/oregons_immigration_debate_mor.html http://sites.google.com/site/immigration327/working-conditions-for-immigrants “

  12. Bibliography for Pts I & II continued http://sites.google.com/site/immigration327/triangle-shirtwaist-fire http://www.angelfire.com/ns/immigration/ http://www.migrationinformation.org/datahub/charts/immigration18202007mils.jpg http://www.pbs.org/kpbs/theborder/images/1900salt_mine.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.pbs.org/kpbs/theborder/history/interactive-timeline.html&usg The Result of the Immigration from China,” New York, T. W. Strong, n. d. Riis, Jacob A. How the Other Half Lives; Studies Among the Tenements of New York; With Illustrations Chiefly From Photographs Taken by the Author. Sandler, Martin J. Immigrants: A Library of Congress Book. New York, HarperCollins Publisher, 1995.Yankee Notions, Vol. VIII, #3, p. 65

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