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Church History and Christian Ministry

Church History and Christian Ministry. Augustine (354 – 430). Thomas Aquinas (1225 – 1274). Martin Luther (1483 – 1546). Karl Barth (1886 – 1968). The Middle Ages. Dominated by Augustin and Platonism. Emphasis on Other-Worldly Images. The Middle Ages. Dominated by Augustin and Platonism.

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Church History and Christian Ministry

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  1. Church History and Christian Ministry Augustine (354 – 430) Thomas Aquinas (1225 – 1274) Martin Luther (1483 – 1546) Karl Barth (1886 – 1968)

  2. The Middle Ages Dominated by Augustin and Platonism Emphasis on Other-Worldly Images

  3. The Middle Ages Dominated by Augustin and Platonism Emphasis on Other-Worldly Images The Crusades opened the doors to classic humanism and a new interest in nature

  4. The Middle Ages Dominated by Augustin and Platonism Emphasis on Other-Worldly Images The Crusades opened the doors to classic humanism and a new interest in nature

  5. The Middle Ages Dominated by Augustin and Platonism Emphasis on Other-Worldly Images The Crusades opened the doors to classic humanism and a new interest in nature …and out of this, the Renaissance

  6. The Middle Ages Dominated by Augustin and Platonism Emphasis on Other-Worldly Images The Crusades opened the doors to classic humanism and a new interest in nature …and out of this, the Renaissance

  7. The Renaissance (1400s) 1. Humanism Leonardo’s Vitruvian Man (c. 1485) represented his depiction of the idea that “man” is the measure of all proportion

  8. The Renaissance (1400s) 1. Humanism 2. Wealth

  9. The Renaissance (1400s) 1. Humanism 2. Wealth The Medici, and other Italian banking families, amassed vast fortunes trading in imports from the east brought back by Crusaders and others

  10. The Renaissance (1400s) 1. Humanism 2. Wealth 3. Corruption

  11. The Renaissance (1400s) 1. Humanism 2. Wealth 3. Corruption Papal power to sell “forgiveness of sins” led to widespread abuse and corruption, a force that naturally led to the cry for reformation Johann Tetzel

  12. Renaissance – a short history of Florence Cosimo (1389 – 1464)

  13. Renaissance – a short history of Florence Cosimo (1389 – 1464) Wealth flows into Italy – Medici and Florence Cosimo sets up one of earliest banks Patron of arts

  14. Renaissance – a short history of Florence Cosimo (1389 – 1464) Piero de Medici (1464 – 1470)

  15. Renaissance – a short history of Florence Cosimo (1389 – 1464) Piero de Medici (1464 – 1470) Continued his father’s business Died early of lung disease

  16. Renaissance – a short history of Florence Cosimo (1389 – 1464) Piero de Medici (1464 – 1470) Lorenzo (1470 – 1492)

  17. Renaissance – a short history of Florence Cosimo (1389 – 1464) Piero de Medici (1464 – 1470) Lorenzo (1470 – 1492) Giovanni (1475 – 1521) Giulio (1478 – 1534) Michelangelo – adopted into family

  18. Renaissance – a short history of Florence Cosimo (1389 – 1464) Piero de Medici (1464 – 1470) Lorenzo (1470 – 1492) Giovanni (1475 – 1521)

  19. Renaissance – a short history of Florence Cosimo (1389 – 1464) Piero de Medici (1464 – 1470) Lorenzo (1470 – 1492) Giovanni (1475 – 1521) Giovanni and Julius were driven out in 1494. Giovanni is cardinal – but now no power base

  20. Renaissance – a short history of Florence Cosimo (1389 – 1464) Piero de Medici (1464 – 1470) Lorenzo (1470 – 1492) Giovanni (1475 – 1521) Republican Florence (1494 – 1511) Michelangelo stays to support the republic Produced the David, which became a political statement

  21. Renaissance – a short history of Florence Cosimo (1389 – 1464) Piero de Medici (1464 – 1470) Lorenzo (1470 – 1492) Giovanni (1475 – 1521) Republican Florence (1494 – 1512) Michelangelo stays to support the republic Produced the David, which became a political statement Put in front of city hall: David (Florence) v. Goliath (Medici) Florence is under the care of Machiavelli

  22. Renaissance – a short history of Florence Cosimo (1389 – 1464) Piero de Medici (1464 – 1470) Lorenzo (1470 – 1492) Giovanni (1475 – 1521) Republican Florence (1494 – 1512) Michelangelo stays to support the republic Produced the David, which became a political statement Put in front of city hall: David (Florence) v. Goliath (Medici) Florence is under the care of Machiavelli Savoranola is political/religious reformer

  23. Renaissance – a short history of Florence Cosimo (1389 – 1464) Piero de Medici (1464 – 1470) Lorenzo (1470 – 1492) Giovanni (1475 – 1521) Republican Florence (1494 – 1512) Michelangelo stays to support the republic Produced the David, which became a political statement Put in front of city hall: David (Florence) v. Goliath (Medici) Florence is under the care of Machiavelli Savoranola is political/religious reformer

  24. Renaissance – a short history of Florence Cosimo (1389 – 1464) Piero de Medici (1464 – 1470) Lorenzo (1470 – 1492) Giovanni (1475 – 1521) Republican Florence (1494 – 1512) Giovanni retakes Florence with Pope’s Help (1511)

  25. Renaissance – a short history of Florence Cosimo (1389 – 1464) Piero de Medici (1464 – 1470) Lorenzo (1470 – 1492) Giovanni (1475 – 1521) Republican Florence (1494 – 1511) Giovanni retakes Florence with Pope’s Help (1511) Machiavelli tortured and exiled, wrote The Prince Pope Julius II dies; Giovanni elected pope (Leo X, 1513)

  26. Renaissance – a short history of Florence Cosimo (1389 – 1464) Piero de Medici (1464 – 1470) Lorenzo (1470 – 1492) Giovanni (1475 – 1521) Republican Florence (1494 – 1511) Giovanni retakes Florence with Pope’s Help (1511) Machiavelli tortured and exiled, wrote The Prince Pope Julius II dies; Giovanni elected pope (Leo X, 1513) Bankrupted the papacy in about a year

  27. Martin Luther and the Reformation Luther: b. 1483 – Lorenzo is controlling Florence Luther’s Early Life (1483 – 1505) Hans Luther was part of rising peasant class Invested heavily in Martin’s education Enrolled at University of Erfurt (1501) 1502 – graduated 2nd in class. 1505 – M.A. in law The lightening storm incident

  28. Martin Luther and the Reformation Luther: b. 1483 – Cosimo is controlling Florence Luther’s Early Life (1483 – 1505) Luther the Monk (1505 – 1515) Joined Augustinian monastery in 1515 Ceaseless anxiety as a monk 1510: visited Rome for first and only time: bitterly disillusioned 1515 – started commentary on Romans – stuck in Romans 1:15ff Johann Tetzel came selling papal indulgences

  29. Martin Luther and the Reformation Luther: b. 1483 – Cosimo is controlling Florence Luther’s Early Life (1483 – 1505) Luther the Monk (1505 – 1515) Joined Augustinian monastery in 1515 Ceaseless anxiety as a monk 1510: visited Rome for first and only time: bitterly disillusioned 1515 – started commentary on Romans – stuck in Romans 1:15ff Johann Tetzel came selling papal indulgences Luther wrote the 95 Theses – critical of theology of indulgences

  30. Martin Luther and the Reformation Luther: b. 1483 – Cosimo is controlling Florence Luther’s Early Life (1483 – 1505) Luther the Monk (1505 – 1515) Joined Augustinian monastery in 1515 Ceaseless anxiety as a monk 1510: visited Rome for first and only time: bitterly disillusioned 1515 – started commentary on Romans – stuck in Romans 1:15ff Johann Tetzel came selling papal indulgences Luther wrote the 95 Theses – critical of theology of indulgences

  31. Martin Luther and the Reformation Luther: b. 1483 – Cosimo is controlling Florence Luther’s Early Life (1483 – 1505) Luther the Monk (1505 – 1515) The Indulgence Controversy (1515 – 1521) The 95 Theses swept through Germany and all of Europe Pope Leo didn’t take Luther too seriously at the beginning A series of meetings culminated at Worms in 1521 Luther excommunicated – “Here I Stand” speech

  32. Martin Luther and the Reformation Luther: b. 1483 – Cosimo is controlling Florence Luther’s Early Life (1483 – 1505) Luther the Monk (1505 – 1515) The Indulgence Controversy (1515 – 1521) Luther the Reformer (1521 – 1546) 1521 – 22: Wartburg Castle; translates New Testament

  33. Martin Luther and the Reformation Luther: b. 1483 – Cosimo is controlling Florence Luther’s Early Life (1483 – 1505) Luther the Monk (1505 – 1515) The Indulgence Controversy (1515 – 1521) Luther the Reformer (1521 – 1546) 1521 – 22: Wartburg Castle; translates New Testament 1524 – Peasants’ War – political revolt not supported by Luther 1525 – Married Katie von Bora

  34. Martin Luther and the Reformation Luther: b. 1483 – Cosimo is controlling Florence Luther’s Early Life (1483 – 1505) Luther the Monk (1505 – 1515) The Indulgence Controversy (1515 – 1521) Luther the Reformer (1521 – 1546) 1521 – 22: Wartburg Castle; translates New Testament 1524 – Peasants’ War – political revolt not supported by Luther 1525 – Married Katie von Bora 1529 – Wrote hymn: A Mighty Fortress Colloquy of Marburg: join Swiss and German Ref 1546: Death of Luther

  35. The Reformation (1500s) Emphasis on sources over tradition

  36. The Reformation (1500s) Emphasis on sources over tradition Emphasis on conscience over authority Unless I am convinced by proofs from Scriptures or by plain and clear reasons and arguments, I can and will not retract, for it is neither safe nor wise to do anything against conscience. Here I stand. I can do no other. God help me. Amen." – Martin Luther

  37. The Reformation (1500s) Emphasis on sources over tradition Emphasis on conscience over authority Emphasis on productive over slavish labor …which all tended to produce a new interest in science and its utility

  38. “The invention of the printing-press prepared the way for popular education. The Reformation first utilized the press on a large scale, and gave a powerful impulse to common schools. The genius of Protestantism favors the general diffusion of knowledge. It elevates the laity, emancipates private judgment, and stimulates the sense of personal responsibility. Every man should be trained to a position of Christian freedom and self-government.” – Philip Schaff

  39. Four Solas of the Reformation Sola Fides + Works Sola Scriptura + Tradition Sola Gracia + Merit Sola Christus + The Church

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