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LiDAR

LiDAR. An emerging new technology for terrain analysis. LiDAR. LiDAR is an acronym for Li ght D etection A nd R anging. LiDAR. Lasers with timing systems that are able to measure distances with an accuracy of less than 5 centimeters.

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LiDAR

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  1. LiDAR An emerging new technology for terrain analysis

  2. LiDAR LiDAR is an acronym for Light Detection And Ranging.

  3. LiDAR • Lasers with timing systems that are able to measure distances with an accuracy of less than 5 centimeters. • Pulse rate of LIDAR systems of up to 50,000 pulses per second • The light has enough time to travel from the sensor to the ground and back before the next pulse is sent. • A scanning mirror is used to direct the laser pulses back and forth across a wide swath underneath the path of the airplane. • The aircraft typically fly at an altitude of 700 meters, which allows elevation recording across a swath about 300 meters wide depending on the type of instrument used. A series of overlapping, parallel swaths are conducted so the entire study area is mapped.  • The precise location of the laser sensor head and attitude of the aircraft must be accurately known in order to individually georeference each laser "hit". • LIDAR is actually the convergence of three technologies: Laser Rangefinding, GPS and INS (Inertial Navigations Systems), Use of LIDAR in Creating Accurate Terrain Elevation Models for Floodplain Mappinghttp://www.emporia.edu/earthsci/student/serr1/project.htm

  4. LIDAR

  5. LiDAR Point Density and Dispersion

  6. LiDAR Point Density and Dispersion

  7. LiDAR Point Density and Dispersion

  8. Light Detection And Ranging • $200–$1000/mi2 • Economy of scale • Extensive filtering to remove tree canopy (first return data)

  9. Boise Valley Study Area • Jointly funded by Natural Resources Conservation Service and Bureau of Reclamation • NRCS – Floodplain and terrace analysis for soil survey investigations • BoR – Rainfall/runoff and hydraulic study in 10 Mile and 15 Mile drainages • Need for higher quality data • 10 m or 30 m cells vs 2 m cells • 6 m vertical accuracy vs 15 cm vertical accuracy • Approximately 100,000 acres • Cost of about $50,000 • Flown in December 2003 • Data was available in 3 months

  10. LiDAR PRODUCTS

  11. LiDAR – From base data comes many derivatives

  12. LIDAR - Contours

  13. Boise Valley LiDAR 1 foot contour showing direction of land leveling

  14. LiDAR – Shaded Relief

  15. Contrast of Two Technologies Ada County 2000 DEM LiDAR DEM 2003

  16. LiDAR – Slope Class Breaks

  17. Aspect

  18. LiDAR – Detailed Cross Sections

  19. LiDAR – 3D Visualization

  20. Applications for Field Investigations • Low relief terrain analysis • Vegetation analyses • Structural identification • Pollution gradients (first uses of LiDAR) • Bathymetric analyses

  21. Conclusions • Have technical staffs become informed • Investigate cooperative funding efforts • Purchase and test on applications

  22. What is NAIP?

  23. National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP) • Provide FSA with color digital imagery (Leaf-On) for annual compliance program • Provide USDA Service Centers with DOQ replacement on a five year or less time cycle

  24. High Resolution Imagery for Many Purposes

  25. Program Purpose and End Products • FSA Compliance Program: • Two Meter Ortho-rectified Digital Imagery • GIS Orthoimagery Base Update: • One Meter Ortho-rectified Digital Imagery • Also used for FSA Compliance Program • Aerial Photography Film Archive: • Digital and Photographic products made from 1:40,000 scale, Color Positive Film at APFO

  26. NAIP Program Goals • Procurement plan based on “Best-Value” contracting practices • Acquire large format aerial photography, 1:40,000 scale, color positive film • Acquire during the peak agricultural growing season (leaf-on) • Deliver digital imagery (one & two meter), in a county format, within one month of acquisition for FSA Compliance Program

  27. NAIP Program Goals • Provide new photography/digital imagery on an annual basis • Update ortho-image base on 1-5 year cycle (depending on USDA Service Center needs) • Aerial film archived at APFO and made available for photographic products • Digital imagery furnished to the “National Map” concept in place of or to augment the NAPP/NDOP

  28. NAIP Specifications NAIP 2 Meter: • Horizontal accuracy within +/- 30 meters • Does not meet the National Map Accuracy Standards • Up to 10 % cloud cover • Intended for aerial compliance to support crop identification • Horizontal accuracy supports accurate area measurements • Contractors required to supply 2 meter data within 60 days of imagery acquisition

  29. NAIP Specifications NAIP 1 Meter Orthoimagery: • Horizontal accuracy within +/- 3 meters of reference orthoimagery (USGS-NDOP DOQ) for 90% of points measured • Meets the National Map Accuracy Standards • Up to 10% cloud cover • Intended for aerial compliance to support crop identification AND replacement orthoimagery for “Service Center Agency” offices

  30. NAPP DOQ (Left), NAIP DOQ (Right)

  31. NAPP DOQ (Left), NAIP DOQ (Right) with SSURGO

  32. NAPP DOQ (Left), NAIP DOQ (Right) with SSURGO

  33. Canyon County, ID.CIR Image 2000 USGS-NDOP 1992-4 DOQ

  34. ADS40

  35. ADS40 Digital Sensor, Image Date May 25, 2003

  36. Advantages of ADS40 Digital Sensor • Simultaneously Collection of Multiple Bands of Imagery • DOQQ (1 Meter, Quarter Quad) is Imaged in One Pass • Delivery Time for Imagery (Ortho) is Faster • Increased Accuracy through Integrated ABGPS and IMU

  37. Back

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