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Solution Stoichiometry

Solution Stoichiometry. Introduction, Concentration of a solution. What will I learn?. What is solution stoichiometry? Define the following terms: solution; solute; solvent; and concentration Calculate concentration based on the amount of solute and the total volume

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Solution Stoichiometry

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  1. Solution Stoichiometry Introduction, Concentration of a solution

  2. What will I learn? • What is solution stoichiometry? • Define the following terms: solution; solute; solvent; and concentration • Calculate concentration based on the amount of solute and the total volume • Convert concentration from mass per unit volume to number of moles per unit volume

  3. 1 Introduction • Many reactions can only occur when reactants are dissolved to form solutions • Stoichiometry is the study of • the quantitative composition of chemical substances • the quantitative changes that take place during chemical reactions

  4. Introduction • Many reactions can only occur when reactants are dissolved to form solutions • Solution Stoichiometry is the study of • the quantitative composition of solutions • the quantitative changes that take place during chemical reactions that involve solutions

  5. Larger quantity(normally a liquid) Smaller quantity Clarification of Terms • Solution is a homogeneous liquid mixture • Solute + Solvent  Solution

  6. Clarification of Terms • Solution is a homogeneous liquid mixture • Solute + Solvent  Solution • Concentration is a measure of the amount of solute dissolved in a given volume

  7. 2 Molar Concentration • Definition:The amount of solute (in moles) per unit volume of solution (in dm3) • Hence, 1 mole of solute dissolved in 1 dm3 solution has molar concentration of 1 moldm-3 • Units: moldm-3 • Formula:

  8. Molar Concentration • Definition:The amount of solute (in moles) per unit volume of solution (in dm3) • Hence, 1 mole of solute dissolved in 1 dm3 solution has molar concentration of 1 moldm-3 • Units: moldm-3 • Formula:

  9. Example 1 • 0.040 moles of BaCl2 is dissolved in water to give a final volume of 250.0 cm3. • Calculate the concentration (in moldm-3) of the BaCl2 solution formed

  10. Example 1 • 0.040 moles of BaCl2 is dissolved in water to give a final volume of 250.0 cm3. • Calculate the concentration (in moldm-3) of the BaCl2 solution formed

  11. Example 1 • 0.040 moles of BaCl2 is dissolved in water to give a final volume of 250.0 cm3. • Calculate the concentration (in moldm-3) of the BaCl2 solution formed

  12. Example 1 • 0.040 moles of BaCl2 is dissolved in water to give a final volume of 250.0 cm3. • Calculate the amount of BaCl2 in 10.0 cm3 of the above solution

  13. Example 1 • 0.040 moles of BaCl2 is dissolved in water to give a final volume of 250.0 cm3. • Calculate the amount of BaCl2 in 10.0 cm3 of the above solution

  14. Example 1 • 0.040 moles of BaCl2 is dissolved in water to give a final volume of 250.0 cm3. • Calculate the amount of BaCl2 in 10.0 cm3 of the above solution

  15. Since Example 1 • 0.040 moles of BaCl2 is dissolved in water to give a final volume of 250.0 cm3. • Calculate the concentration of Cl- ions in the above solution

  16. Example 1 • 0.040 moles of BaCl2 is dissolved in water to give a final volume of 250.0 cm3. • Calculate the concentration of Cl- ions in the above solution Since

  17. Example 1 • 0.040 moles of BaCl2 is dissolved in water to give a final volume of 250.0 cm3. • Calculate the concentration of Cl- ions in the above solution Since

  18. ?? Example 2 • 1.06 g of anhydrous sodium carbonate, Na2CO3 was dissolved in 250 cm3 of solution. What is the concentration of the solution in moldm-3?

  19. Example 2 • 1.06 g of anhydrous sodium carbonate, Na2CO3 was dissolved in 250 cm3 of solution. What is the concentration of the solution in moldm-3?

  20. Example 2 • 1.06 g of anhydrous sodium carbonate, Na2CO3 was dissolved in 250 cm3 of solution. What is the concentration of the solution in moldm-3?

  21. Example 2 • 1.06 g of anhydrous sodium carbonate, Na2CO3 was dissolved in 250 cm3 of solution. What is the concentration of the solution in moldm-3?

  22. Example 2 • 1.06 g of anhydrous sodium carbonate, Na2CO3 was dissolved in 250 cm3 of solution. What is the concentration of the solution in moldm-3?

  23. 3 Example 3 • What is the concentration in moldm-3 of Al3+ in a solution made by dissolving 12.7 g aluminium sulphate, Al2(SO4)3 in sufficient water to make 100 cm3 of solution?

  24. Example 3 • What is the concentration in moldm-3 of Al3+ in a solution made by dissolving 12.7 g aluminium sulphate, Al2(SO4)3 in sufficient water to make 100 cm3 of solution?

  25. Example 3 • What is the concentration in moldm-3 of Al3+ in a solution made by dissolving 12.7 g aluminium sulphate, Al2(SO4)3 in sufficient water to make 100 cm3 of solution?

  26. Example 3 • What is the concentration in moldm-3 of Al3+ in a solution made by dissolving 12.7 g aluminium sulphate, Al2(SO4)3 in sufficient water to make 100 cm3 of solution?

  27. Example 3 • What is the concentration in moldm-3 of Al3+ in a solution made by dissolving 12.7 g aluminium sulphate, Al2(SO4)3 in sufficient water to make 100 cm3 of solution?

  28. Example 3 • What is the concentration in moldm-3 of Al3+ in a solution made by dissolving 12.7 g aluminium sulphate, Al2(SO4)3 in sufficient water to make 100 cm3 of solution?

  29. Example 3 • What is the concentration in moldm-3 of Al3+ in a solution made by dissolving 12.7 g aluminium sulphate, Al2(SO4)3 in sufficient water to make 100 cm3 of solution?

  30. Example 3 • What is the concentration in moldm-3 of Al3+ in a solution made by dissolving 12.7 g aluminium sulphate, Al2(SO4)3 in sufficient water to make 100 cm3 of solution?

  31. Example 3 • What is the concentration in moldm-3 of Al3+ in a solution made by dissolving 12.7 g aluminium sulphate, Al2(SO4)3 in sufficient water to make 100 cm3 of solution?

  32. Example 3 • What is the concentration in moldm-3 of Al3+ in a solution made by dissolving 12.7 g aluminium sulphate, Al2(SO4)3 in sufficient water to make 100 cm3 of solution?

  33. Example 3 • What is the concentration in moldm-3 of Al3+ in a solution made by dissolving 12.7 g aluminium sulphate, Al2(SO4)3 in sufficient water to make 100 cm3 of solution?

  34. Example 3 • What is the concentration in moldm-3 of Al3+ in a solution made by dissolving 12.7 g aluminium sulphate, Al2(SO4)3 in sufficient water to make 100 cm3 of solution? Since

  35. Example 3 • What is the concentration in moldm-3 of Al3+ in a solution made by dissolving 12.7 g aluminium sulphate, Al2(SO4)3 in sufficient water to make 100 cm3 of solution? Since

  36. Example 3 • What is the concentration in moldm-3 of Al3+ in a solution made by dissolving 12.7 g aluminium sulphate, Al2(SO4)3 in sufficient water to make 100 cm3 of solution? Since

  37. Other Concentration Units • Sometimes, concentration can be expressed in mass per unit volume

  38. Other Concentration Units • Sometimes, concentration can be expressed in mass per unit volume • Units: gdm-3

  39. Other Concentration Units • Sometimes, concentration can be expressed in mass per unit volume • Concentration (in gdm-3) can be converted to molar concentration via the equation:

  40. Example 1 • 2.00 g of NaOH is dissolved in water to give a final volume of 150.0 cm3. • Calculate the concentration (in gdm-3) of the NaOH solution formed

  41. Example 1 • 2.00 g of NaOH is dissolved in water to give a final volume of 150.0 cm3. • Calculate the concentration (in moldm-3) of the solution above

  42. Example 1 • 2.00 g of NaOH is dissolved in water to give a final volume of 150.0 cm3. • Calculate the concentration (in moldm-3) of the solution above

  43. Example 1 • 2.00 g of NaOH is dissolved in water to give a final volume of 150.0 cm3. • Calculate the concentration (in moldm-3) of the solution above

  44. Example 1 • 2.00 g of NaOH is dissolved in water to give a final volume of 150.0 cm3. • Calculate the concentration (in moldm-3) of the solution above

  45. What have I learnt? • What is solution stoichiometry? • Define the following terms: solution; solute; solvent; and concentration • Calculate concentration based on the amount of solute and the total volume • Convert concentration from mass per unit volume to number of moles per unit volume

  46. End of Lecture 1

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