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Chapter 14: The Realm of Islam

Chapter 14: The Realm of Islam. Muhammad. Born in Mecca 570 CE 610 CE vision Monotheism Idolatry Ka’ba Hijra 622 Flight to Medina Umma Read Primary Source Document: Biography

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Chapter 14: The Realm of Islam

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  1. Chapter 14: The Realm of Islam

  2. Muhammad • Born in Mecca 570 CE • 610 CE vision • Monotheism • Idolatry • Ka’ba • Hijra 622 Flight to Medina • Umma • Read Primary Source Document: Biography • Why is this document significant? What implied or descriptive comparisons to other major religions do you see ?

  3. Ka’ba

  4. Islamic belief system • Christianity • Monotheism • Revere saints, church fathers • Jesus – son of God • Virgin birth • Jesus crucified • Affirmed resurrection • Revelation through prophets • Original sin • Faith & works salvation • Hell/heaven • Humans do good & evil • Zoroastrianism • Heaven or hell • One good god one evil god(monotheistic in definition) in constant battle • Prayer 5 times daily • Fire used in worship • Salvation through good words, thoughts, deeds • Humans do good and evil. • Islam • Monotheism – Allah • Revere prophets, imams • Jesus- prophet • Virgin birth • Jesus did not die, ascended • Denied resurrection • Revelation through Muhammad only • Humans do good & evil • Salvation through 5 pillars • Paradise (eternal) or hell • Prayer 5 times daily Source: diffen.com

  5. Military expansion

  6. Military Expansion & Rule • Caliphate 632 - 662 • Umayaad 662-750 • Abbasid 750- 1258 • Sultanate 1258-1299 • Ottoman Empire 1299-1924 • Keep in mind, that Muslims see a Caliphate as a government uniting them under one rule so some scholars see the caliphate as encompassing the years 632-1924.

  7. Traditional sources of power & legitimacy • Rise of the Caliphate • Abu Bakr 632-634 • Umar 634-644 • Uthman 644-656 • Mu'awiya 660 Umayyad Dynasty began

  8. Use the comparison document to analyze each period. Umayyad Caliphate Abbasid Caliphate Years of rule Treatment of non-muslims Military expansion Type of laws Treatment of women Type of government • Years of rule • Treatment of non-muslims • Military expansion • Type of laws • Treatment of women • Type of government

  9. The Abbasid Caliphate

  10. Merchant expansion: When was it founded? What years was it prominent?What is the city’s Islamic significance?What goods were primary trade items in this city?Why did it decline? • Major merchant cities • Timbuktu • Mecca • Medina • Cordoba • Baghdad • Sukuk or sakk

  11. Muslim Merchant communities in the Indian Ocean Region • Go to the website below and check out what was happening in the Medieval era • http://www.indianoceanhistory.org

  12. Missionary expansion • Was it conversion by the sword or is this a myth propagated and spread by people with a particular bias?

  13. IbnBattuta • Where did he go? • How do we know? • Primary sources • The Marco Polo of the Islamic world

  14. Dar al Islam (house of Islam) • Refers to all geographic lands under the religious and political rule of Islam

  15. Diffusion of literary, artistic, & cultural traditions in Subsaharan Africa • The Hajj • Subsaharan trade routes • Inter-cultural transfer of knowledge

  16. Diffusion of scientific & technological traditions • Greek science & philosophy returned to W. Europe via Muslim al-Andalus in Iberia • Baghdad as purveyor of learning • House of Wisdom • Ibn al haytham (Alhazen) – father of the modern scientific methodology

  17. The spread of food and agricultural techniques • Cotton, sugar, citrus throughout Dar-al-Islam & the Mediterranean • Literature on crops • Rapid growth of cities • Paper manufacture • The crusades 753-1307

  18. Sunni Shia Split - what's that all about

  19. State Synthesis (the influence of Persian traditions on Islamic states) • The veil – hijab • Sharia law • Madrasas • The Hajj/Ka’ba

  20. Muslim Scholarship • Sufi’s • alGhazali • Ibn al Haytham

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