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Chapter 14

Chapter 14. CD - Media. CD-ROM Drives. Developed in the late 1970’s by Sony and Philips as a replacement for vinyl records Used for music but later discovered that PC data could be stored on the CD. How CD-ROM’s Work.

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Chapter 14

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  1. Chapter 14 CD - Media

  2. CD-ROM Drives • Developed in the late 1970’s by Sony and Philips as a replacement for vinyl records • Used for music but later discovered that PC data could be stored on the CD

  3. How CD-ROM’s Work • CD-ROMs store data using microscopic pits burned into a glass master CD-ROM powerful laser • With master, plastic copies are recreated using a very high-tolerance infection molding process • Coated with reflective metallic coating, and then coated with lacquer for protection

  4. How CD-ROMs Work Cont. • CD-ROM drives use a laser and mirrors to read the data off of the CD-ROM • The pits don’t allow reflection, creating binary 1’s, and the non-pitted spots make binary 0’s

  5. CD-ROM Formats • CD-Audio divides the CD’s data into variable length tracks; terrible for data storage • To store data on a CD-ROM required error checking(ISO-9660 or High Sierra) • CD interactive-(CD-I)store sound and video; simultaneous playback • CD-ROM/XA-advanced CD-I • Kodak’s Photo-CD- compressed to store many pictures on

  6. MPC • Multimedia Personal Computer- defines a set of minimum standards for multimedia system • So far outclassed

  7. CD-ROM Speeds • First CD-ROM drives processed data at roughly 150KBps(CD-Audio speed) • As speed increased, measured in multiples of the original 150KBps drives • 1x, 32x, 72x...

  8. CD-R • CD-recordable • 2 types: 74min,650Mb or 80min,700 Mb • Require CD-R drive to “burn” • “Burn” laser heats the organic dye, causing a change in the reflectivity of the surface (simulates pits) • Single or multi -session drives • 2 speeds: record speed x read speed

  9. CD-RW • CD-ReWrite • Use a laser to heat the non crystalline substance that when cooled, becomes crystalline • The crystalline areas are reflective, whereas the amorphous areas are not. • write speed x re-write speed x read speed

  10. Connections • At first, there was no standard connections for CD-ROM • The ATAPI used the 40 pin EIDE ribbon and master/slave jumpers(like drive) • Require no CMOS as part of the installation control

  11. Connections (continued) • SCSI chain enables many CD-ROM drives to be installed on one machine (networks) • Faster than EIDE but needs a unique SCSI ID and needs to be terminated at end of chain

  12. Device Drivers/Software • The operating system wants to give a CD media drive a drive letter that can be accessed by the OS • Varies according to OS

  13. DOS Device Drivers • Needs a hardware-specific device driver installed via CONFIG.SYS to create an interface for the CD-ROM • Needs a hardware non-specific program called MSCDEX in order to give drive a letter

  14. SCSI DOS Device Drivers • Needs 2 device drivers: the DOS device driver for the host adapter and the DOS ASPI driver for CD_ROMs, ASPICD.SYS

  15. ATAPI DOS Device Drivers • Not a high level of standardization of drivers in SCSI CD-ROMs • However, it only needs one device driver • OAKCDROM.SYS found on internet as a download

  16. MSCDEX • Microsoft CD-ROM Extensions • It takes the device set up in the CD-ROM’s device driver line and assigns it a drive letter

  17. Windows 9x & 2000 Device Drivers • Replace MSCDEX with the protected-mode CD File System Drivers • ISF drivers enable tighter integration of different types of storage devices

  18. Device Manager and Settings • Allows you to make changes and find information of your drive in Windows • Where you enable AutoPlay which automatically detects to presence of a CD when inserts

  19. Troubleshooting • Check connectors • Check in boot up if device is found and if not use start up disk • Check other disks(CD- ROM, R, RW) • Might have to clean drive • Clean CD with damp cloth • CD scratches worse on top than bottom

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